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Energy resources like solar, wind, tide, and geothermal are clean sources of energy that generate electricity without
much harm to the surroundings. Therefore, SDG 7 encourages us to work on developing resources that are vital for
environmental parameters. Under this, we aim to achieve a cleaner and more sustainable atmosphere and fulfil energy
requirements by 2030.
DECENT WORK AND Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth
8 ECONOMIC GROWTH
The trend in world poverty has shown a decrease in the number of people living below the poverty
line over the past 25 years. Despite the global economic crises of 2008 and the COVID-19 pandemic
of 2020–21, there has been an increase in the middle class from 1991 to 2015.
However, widening inequalities and a lack of jobs have caused distress in the labour force. According
to the International Labour Organisation, more than 204 million people were unemployed in 2015. The SDGs promote
innovation that leads to new economic opportunities and sustained growth in the job market and for the nation.
SDG 8 aims for full employment for all people, including young people, untrained labourers, and people with disabilities,
by 2030. Everyone should receive equal pay for equal work. It is aimed at fully and efficiently utilising all productive
resources for the nation's growth. The SDGs also focus on eliminating poverty, bonded labour, and human trafficking, as
well as increasing job opportunities, productivity, and decent work.
Goal 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
Economic growth is critically dependent on investment in infrastructure, research, and development. INDUSTRY, INNOVATION
Technological progress, with an ecosystem in mind, can only be achieved through safe and scientific 9 AND INFRASTRUCTURE
innovation. Renewable energy resources are the only feasible solution, given the increasing
population, to control environmental degradation. Transportation and communication technologies
also require advancements to meet the needs of the upcoming generation.
Innovation promotes efficient energy usage. Scientific research will drive sustainable development
by introducing new industries that align with environmental needs. Sustainable industrialisation is crucial, as it increases
the industrial share of employment for the youth, with a progressive approach for the nation. SDG is focused on
implementing cleaner infrastructure and technologies, with all countries collaborating based on their capabilities.
REDUCED Goal 10: Reduced Inequalities
10 INEQUALITIES Income inequalities are on the rise despite efforts from countries and their respective governments.
The gap between the richest and poorest countries is increasing systematically. According to the World
Economic Forum, the richest countries (10%) hold 76% of the entire world's wealth, whereas the poorest
countries only have a 2% share of global wealth. Factors like technological progress, globalisation, and
commodity price cycles have exacerbated economic disparities within countries.
Regions in Africa and America face the highest income disparity, while Europe experiences the least disparity among
countries. These widening disparities require sound policies to empower lower-income earners and promote economic
inclusion for all, regardless of sex, race, or ethnicity.
SDG 10 has been designed to address this issue, reduce the gap between low and high income groups, and promote
inclusiveness across all social and political spheres of society. This goal advocates for inclusiveness in the social and political
arenas of the country for all sections of society.
Internationally, fiscal policies should aim to ensure an equal distribution of benefits from economic outputs among those
who generate them.
Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities SUSTAINABLE CITIES
Our society is moving towards urbanisation, so we need to plan sustainable cities for the 11 AND COMMUNITIES
future that are full of urban spaces. Cities are becoming megacities, with population booms in
developing countries. We see slums and poor neighbourhoods within the vicinity of these high and
well-developed urban spaces.
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