Page 61 - Data Science class 10
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3.1.2. Application Software

            Application software is a set of programs that helps the programmers to perform a specific task. It can be installed
            on a computer or mobile device depending on the need of the user. For example, MS word deals with documents,
            Spreadsheets with calculation, Presentation software for creating and running presentations.

            3.1.3. Utility Software

            Utility software does housekeeping functions like backing up disk  or scanning/cleaning  viruses  or arranging
            information, etc. They ensure the smooth functioning of the computer.
            If you switch on the computer then you are using the physical parts of the computer called hardware. The set of
            changes you see on your screen before it displays your login screen is your operating system getting activated
            and ready to be with you till you are using a computer. When you work on an OpenOffice document, spreadsheet,
            presentation, etc. then you are using application software installed in your computer. When the system does their
            backup of your data or checks for malware then you are using utility software.


            3.2. OPERATING SYSTEM

            Operating System (OS) is a system software which is compulsory for the computer. Without an operating system, a
            computer is just a machine with no usage. It works as a manager of the computer and helps you to utilise computer
            hardware in an efficient manner.


                                                        Computer Games
                                                                           Internet
                                                         Utilities         Browsers

                                                                 Operating     Application
                                                Hardware          System        Software


                                                           System
                                                          Software
                                                                    Databases


            Some of the important functions performed by an operating system are:
               • It works as an interface between the user and the machine.                              User

               • It works as a device manager. It keeps a track that all the devices are functioning properly
              and are available to the user whenever needed.
                                                                                                       Application
               • It manages the software of the computer.
               • It manages the computer memory and keeps track of the memory in use and free so that   Operating System
              it is available to the user whenever needed.
               • It decides which process gets the processor time for execution, when and for how much   Hardware
              time.
               • It helps in creating and managing the hierarchical structure of the files and folders. It assists the smooth process
              of create, copy, move and delete the files.
               • By providing a login and password facility it prevents unauthorised access to programs and data.

            As we now know that it is not possible for the user to use any computer or mobile device without having an
            operating system. So whenever you buy a new desktop or a laptop then the operating system comes installed in
            it. You just have to activate it with some few initial steps and then it becomes available for you forever.




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