Page 62 - Data Science class 10
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Commonly used operating systems are:
           • Disk Operating System: DOS is one of the oldest, text-based, single user operating systems written originally by
          Tim Patterson— Father of DOS and owned by Seattle Computer Products. It was released in 1982 by Microsoft
          for its IBM PC. It supports character user interface which means you have to use commands to get the desired
          output.
           • Windows Operating System: Windows is developed by Microsoft. It is available these days in different versions
          and every year its improvised versions are released. It supports Graphical Interface where by using a few mouse
          clicks can get the job done.
           • Linux: It is an open-source operating system having Unix-like features designed for personal computers. It is
          free and open-source software.
           • Mobile Operating System: Mobile operating systems have Graphical User Interface with menus and buttons
          supporting different types of apps on Smartphones, tablets, smart watches or other portable devices. It is a
          combination of an operating system and communication technology. The different mobile OS available these
          days are:
             Android OS                         Windows OS                         iOS
          ¬                                   ¬                                  ¬
        3.2.1. Types of Operating Systems
        Different types of operating systems are available in the market for different types of users.

        Real Time Operating System
        In this type of operating system, the response time plays a very important role. Each job assigned to the computer
        has to be prioritised  and  processed within  time constraints  otherwise the  system is considered a  failure and
        processed data will lose its importance. Examples are RT Linux and Lynx.

        Distributed Operating System
        In this type of operating system, a set of computers located at different geographical areas are interconnected
        through a network. The data input and storage is managed by one set of computers and processing is handled by
        another set of computers. All of them are integrated to form a distributed system. Windows, UNIX, and LINUX are
        the best examples of distributed operating systems.

        Single User, Single Task Operating System

        This type of operating system allows only one user to do only one task at a time on the computer. They are
        especially designed for personal use at home or in office. For example, DOS, Windows 3.1, etc.
        Single User, Multi Tasking Operating System

        This type of operating system allows only one user to do only multiple tasks at a time on the computer. Examples
        are Microsoft Windows 95 and Macintosh OS.

        Multi User Operating System

        This type of operating system allows multiple users to use the same computer at the same time. This is done by creating
        and managing multiple user’s accounts on the same machine. For example, Linux, Unix, Windows 2000 onwards.

        Network Operating System
        It is installed on the server to manage multiple tasks given by multiple users connected through the network. It
        provides strong security features by login ids and password facility that are accessed through different terminals
        meant  only  for  different  users located  at  different  locations.  Examples are  Microsoft  Windows  Server  2003,
        Microsoft Windows Server 2008, UNIX, Linux, Mac OS X, Novell NetWare, etc.



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