Page 102 - Data Science class 10
P. 102

5.2. IMPORTANCE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

        We now know that  sustainable development focuses on saving the planet along with social and economic
        development  of  the  society for  the  present  and  future  generations  to  come.  The  importance  of sustainable
        development lies in the fact that:
           • It provides initiation and approaches for development, conservation and protection of natural resources to stop
          environmental degradation.
           • It makes us aware of sensible consumption of our natural resources by reducing, recycling and reusing our
          available resources.
           • It gives solutions in terms of clean energy usage at all levels by efficient use of wind, solar, water energy, etc.
           • It ensures environmentally sustainable economic growth.
           • It provides methods and alternatives to reduce the impact of air, water and soil pollution on our environment.

           • It supports equality  of income, sex, age,  disability, race,  religion and  opportunity  for  social and  economic
          development of the society.

           • It supports the concept of smart and sustainable cities with developed transport, clean water and sanitation,
          quality education and decent employment to all.

           • It uses more environment friendly technologies based on efficient use of resources.
           • All the nations across the globe are together in support of implementing these goals in an effective manner.


        5.3. PROBLEMS RELATED TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
        There are three major problems related to sustainable development. Let us discuss about them.


        5.3.1. Food
        As we are using up more and more land for designing concrete jungles,
        we are reducing the land for cultivation of crops. Soil nutrients are
        also getting depleted due to pollution from industries, overgrazing of
        land etc. Overpopulation is another threat for the shortage of food all
        across the world.




                                                5.3.2. Water

                                                The supply of drinking fresh water from rivers and ponds are limited all
                                                over the world. Due to pollution these water bodies are contaminated
                                                and leaving with very less quantity of water for actual use.




        5.3.3. Fuel

        Forests are cut down for fuel leaving barren land where soil erosion will
        lead to soil degradation and a drastic change in climatic conditions.
        Increase in the consumption of oil  and natural  gas has led to the
        increase in the level of carbon dioxide causing a change in the climatic
        conditions. We are using a lot of wood from trees for the construction
        of homes and furniture. Extreme weather conditions, such as floods,
        extreme cold, or heat, are seen in many places, which affect the people
        living there.


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