Page 217 - Data Science class 10
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GLOSSARY
1. Median: It is the “middle” value in the list of numbers.
2. Mode: It is the number that appears the most in a dataset.
3. Variance: It measures the distance of each number in the data set from the mean and also from every other
number in the set.
4. Standard Deviation: It is a statistic that measures the degree of dispersion of a data set relative to its average.
5. Prejudice: It means preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience.
6. Discrete Data: It refers to the data that accepts only particular values. For example, if you take a test, you can
pass or fail in it.
7. Probability Distribution: It is a mathematical approach that displays the likely values for a variable and how
frequently they occur.
8. Frequency: It is the number of times an event or a value occurs.
9. Frequency Table: It is a table that lists items and shows the number of times the items occur.
10. Central Tendency: It means the value derived from the random variables in the set of data that reflects the
midpoint of the data distribution.
11. Opinion: It is a statement that expresses a feeling, an attitude, a value judgment, or a belief. It is a statement
that is neither true nor false.
12. Preference: It is the act of selecting or having a particular preference for one person or thing rather than
another or others.
13. Confirmation Bias: It is a something which does not happen due to the lack of data availability. It is a
phenomenon wherein data scientists or analysts tend to lean towards data that is in alignment with their
beliefs, views, and opinions.
14. Z-score: It is the position of a point in terms of its distance from the mean when it is calculated in standard
deviation units.
15. Data Governance: It is a collection of processes, roles, policies, standards, and metrics that ensure the effective
and efficient use of information to help an organisation reach its objectives.
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