Page 34 - Data Science class 10
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1.15.2. Indefinite— A, An
‘ A’ and ‘An’ are indefinite articles which are used before a noun that are not specific or known before.
• “A” is used before a word beginning with a consonant(alphabets other than vowels) sound.
For example, A book (it can be any book)
A game (it can be any game)
• “An “ is used before a word that begins with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) sound. For example, An umbrella, an hour, an
ice cream.
1.15.3. When No Articles are Used
• For common/general things. Example:
Fruits are good for health.
Do not eat medicines without doctor’s prescription.
• Before a country, continents, islands, mountains and lakes’ name. Example:
I live in India.
I love to go to Shimla in the summers.
• Before a sport/games names. Example:
I like swimming.
My friend plays tennis very well.
Recap
• Communication is defined as a process of exchange of information between two or more people by speaking, writing,
signalling, or using any other effective medium.
• The main elements in the communication cycle are sender, message, encoding, communication channel, receiver, decoding,
response/feedback.
• Different methods of communication are Verbal, Non-Verbal and Visual Communication.
• Verbal Communication is the most popular form of communication where the transmission of messages occurs with the
usage of words that can be in oral or in written form.
• Non-Verbal Communication is defined as communication through physical and physiological cues without using spoken
or written words.
• Visual Communication is the transmission and interpretation of information by using visual resources like photographs,
videos, art, drawings, sketches, charts and graphs.
• Body language is a very important part of non-verbal communication that reveals your true thoughts and emotions.
• Feedback is a response of the receiver with respect to the message received from the sender.
• A communication cycle is incomplete and irrelevant without feedback. It works as an indicator to ensure a successful
transmission of the message.
• Formal Feedback follows a predefined format or blueprint to construct the structure of the feedback.
• Descriptive Feedback is a detailed analysis in written or oral communication that helps the learner understand strong and
weak points.
• Non-Descriptive Feedback is written or oral communication that provides meaningful information but does not contain
detailed analysis and description of the feedback.
• Specific Feedback focuses on the specific points of utmost importance and should be conveyed to the sender.
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