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Information Literacy                                 Statistical Functions
                         byte Quest                                                    Technology Literacy
                                                                                                                                             Function          Purpose                                            Example
                       If the cells A1, A2 and A3 contain 30, 40 and 50 respectively, then calculate and write
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Input: =MAX(4,16,12,9)
                       the output of the following formulas:                                                                                 MAX(range)        It returns the largest value in the given range.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Output: 16
                       1.  =(A1 - A2) * A3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Input: =MIN(4,16,12,9)
                       2.  =A3 + (A1 * A2)                                                                                                   MIN(range)        It returns the smallest value in the given range.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Output: 4
                       3.  =A1 * ((A2 + A3) – 10)
                                                                                                                                             AVERAGE           It returns the average of the given numbers in a  Input: =AVERAGE(12,3,6)
                       4.  =A1 / ((A3 – A1) –5)
                                                                                                                                             (range)           range.                                             Output: 7
                                                                                                                                            Let us use the statistical functions in Excel. To use the statistical functions, follow the given steps:

                  Functions

                  Functions are predefined formulas in Excel to perform both simple and complex calculations. They
                  accept arguments and return values. Arguments are input given to the functions. These arguments can
                                                                                                                                               1   Type  the  following
                  be numbers or text. The arguments should be given in between the opening and closing ( ) parenthesis.                        data  in  the  Excel
                                                                                                                                               worksheet.
                  Rules for using Functions

                     All Excel functions must begin with the = sign.
                     Function name must be a valid name.
                     Function must be followed by opening and closing parenthesis.                                                                                                                      2  Type =MAX(B3:F3) function to find the
                                                                                                                                                                                                       maximum marks and press the Enter key.
                  Most of the functions contain an argument within it.
                  Categories of Functions
                                                                                                                                            When you press the Enter key, the maximum marks appear in cell G3. Using the AutoFill feature,
                  Excel provides the following categories of functions:
                                                                                                                                            find the maximum marks of each student. Similarly, we can find the minimum marks by using the
                     Statistical Functions: Calculate the maximum, minimum, average, etc. of a set of numeric data.                         MIN() function.
                      Financial Functions: Calculate interest on a loan, the number of instalment of a loan, the amount
                     of every instalment, etc.

                      Date and Time Functions: Calculate the day, month, and year of a date and the hour, minute,
                     and second of a particular time.
                      Mathematical Functions: Calculate the square root or absolute value of a number, product of
                     numbers, etc.

                      Logical Functions: Evaluate conditions such as X > 5 and give the result as true or false.                                                                      3   Type  =AVERAGE(B3:F3)  function  to  find
                      Text Functions: Perform a number of operations on strings (i.e., a collection of characters like                                                                the average of marks and press the Enter key.
                     'hello',  'friend',  'computer',  etc.),  such  as  finding  the  length  of  a  string,  joining  two  strings,
                                                                                                                                            When you press the Enter key, the average of the marks appears in cell I3. Using the AutoFill
                     searching for one string inside another, etc.
                                                                                                                                            feature, we can calculate the average of the marks of each student.
                      Database Functions: Query a database based on the data contained in the database.

                      Information Functions: Provide information about a specific cell, such as the type of data it
                                                                                                                                                              Suppose you could use Excel to set and track your personal goals. What goals would you
                     contains, whether it is textual or numeric.
                                                                                                                                                              set, how would you measure your progress, and how would you use charts to visualise your
                      Lookup and Reference Functions: Locate specific values in specific cells.                                                               achievements?
                  Let us discuss some of these categories in detail.


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