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There are two categories of low-level languages:

                 Machine Language
                 Machine language is the only language understood by the computer. It is also known as the first

                 generation language (1GL). Machine language is very difficult for programmers to use because
                 it only consists of two digits, 0 and 1, called binary digits or bits. Where the bit ‘0’ represents the
                 OFF state and the bit ‘1’ represents the ON state.

                 Assembly Language
                 Assembly language is also known as second-generation language (2GL). It is the language in
                 which program codes are written in the form of alphanumeric symbols called 'Mnemonics Code'
                 instead of 0 and 1. In the assembly language, a programmer writes abbreviations such as A for
                 addition, C for compare, L for load, M for Multiply, etc.

                 HIGH-LEVEL LANGUAGE
                 High-level  language  is considered  to  be closer to  human beings.  It is machine-independent
                 language.  However, they need  to  be  translated  into  binary  or machine  language.  Programs
                 written in high-level languages are called source code. Since the computer understands only 0s
                 and 1s, all high-level languages require a software called language processor or translator to
                 convert the instructions into machine language are also called object code. Let’s discuss about
                 some high-level languages.

                 Third-Generation Languages (3GL)
                 In  third-generation languages (3GL), the programmer writes a series of English like words
                 that tell the computer what to do and how to do it. Many third-generation languages also use
                 arithmetic operators such as * for multiplication and + for addition. Some early procedural 3GL
                 are BASIC, PASCAL, C and FORTRAN. C++, Java, C#, and other advanced object-oriented 3GL
                 languages are also available.

                 Fourth-Generation Languages (4GL)
                 The  fourth-generation  languages  also use English-like statements.  They specify  what the
                 program should accomplish without explaining how. 4GL is fast and requires less time and effort
                 on the part of the programmer. In fact, 4GLs are so easy to use that programmers with very little
                 programming background can develop programs. Examples of 4GL are SQL, Perl, Python, etc.

                 Natural Languages (5GL)
                 The  fifth-generation  languages, also known as natural languages  are the  programming
                 languages that have visual tools to develop a program. Examples of fifth-generation languages
                 include Mercury, OPS5, and Prolog. Natural language is very easy to use. Natural languages are
                 often associated with expert systems and artificial intelligence.




                         uiz   Bee        Which language is also known as computer's native language?
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