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1                       Evolution of Computers
















                                Your Aim


                                to learn about:
                                         Early Counting Tools
                                         Abacus—First Calculating Device
                                          Pascaline Adding Machine
                                            Leibniz Step Reckoner

                                            Charles Babbage’s Analytical Engine
                                             Lady Ada Lovelace’s Programs
                                             Herman Hollerith’s Tabulating Machine
                                              Computer Generations




                 Dear Students! You have learnt about computers in your previous class.
                 Computer is a familiar word for you today. But have you ever thought ‘Who invented
                 the computer?’ This machine is an outcome of labour of a number of minds. No

                 particular  person  can be credited  with  the  invention of computers,  but  several
                 names stand out in the crowd.

                     EARLY COUNTING TOOLS


                 Since ancient times, people have invented tools for calculations. Early man tied
                 knots in a rope and carved marks on clay in order to keep the records. They also
                 used to count with the help of fingers, toes, pebbles, stones, sticks, bones, etc.














                                                        Early Counting Tools



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