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1 Evolution of Computers
Your Aim
to learn about:
Early Counting Tools
Abacus—First Calculating Device
Pascaline Adding Machine
Leibniz Step Reckoner
Charles Babbage’s Analytical Engine
Lady Ada Lovelace’s Programs
Herman Hollerith’s Tabulating Machine
Computer Generations
Dear Students! You have learnt about computers in your previous class.
Computer is a familiar word for you today. But have you ever thought ‘Who invented
the computer?’ This machine is an outcome of labour of a number of minds. No
particular person can be credited with the invention of computers, but several
names stand out in the crowd.
EARLY COUNTING TOOLS
Since ancient times, people have invented tools for calculations. Early man tied
knots in a rope and carved marks on clay in order to keep the records. They also
used to count with the help of fingers, toes, pebbles, stones, sticks, bones, etc.
Early Counting Tools
Evolution of Computers 7

