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The data and instructions that are entered into the computer using input devices
are to be stored inside the memory. There are two types of memory:
1. Primary Memory
2. Secondary Memory
Primary Memory
This is the main memory of the computer. CPU can directly access this memory. It
is fixed on the motherboard of the computer.
Primary memory is further divided into two types:
1. Random Access Memory (RAM)
2. Read-only Memory (ROM)
Random Access Memory (RAM)
RAM is a temporary memory. The information stored
in this memory is lost when the computer is turned
off. That’s why it is also called volatile memory.
It stores data and instructions given by the user
and also the results produced by the computer
temporarily.
RAM can be of two types: RAM
1. Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
2. Static RAM (SRAM)
Dynamic RAM requires continuous power to refresh the data stored.
Static RAM (SRAM) also needs constant power to hold on to data, but it doesn’t
need to be continually refreshed the way DRAM does. However, SRAM is significantly
faster and uses less power than DRAM.
Read-Only Memory (ROM)
Information stored in ROM is permanent in nature, i.e., it
holds the data even if the system is switched off. It holds the
starting instructions that are required to start a computer. It
is also called non-volatile memory.
ROM
Secondary Memory
This memory is permanent in nature and is not directly accessed by the CPU. It
allows users to store data that may be easily retrieved. It is cheaper as compared
to primary memory.
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