Page 141 - KEC Khaitan C6 Flipbook
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∑  Smart Rings: Track sleep, heart rate, and activity levels in a discreet, wearable form e.g.,
                     Oura Ring, Motiv Ring.



















                           UNDERSTANDING ULTRASONIC SENSORS

                 Ultrasonic sensors are devices that use high-frequency sound waves to measure distance, detect
                 objects, and sense movement. They work by emitting ultrasonic pulses and measuring the time it

                 takes for the echo to return after bouncing off an object. These sensors are widely used in robotics,
                 automation, industrial applications, and even vehicles for parking assistance. Their ability to work
                 in various lighting conditions makes them ideal for detecting objects in challenging environments.


                 HOW DO THEY MEASURE DISTANCE USING SOUND WAVES?
                 Ultrasonic sensors use sound waves to find how far an object is. They work like echolocation, just
                 like how bats and dolphins detect objects.

                    ∑  Sending Sound Waves: The sensor sends out a quick sound wave that humans cannot hear.

                    ∑  Hitting an Object: The sound wave travels through the air until it hits an object.
                    ∑  Echo Returning: The sound bounces back to the sensor, like an echo.

                    ∑  Measuring Time: The sensor measures how long the sound took to go to the object and come
                     back.

                    ∑  Calculating Distance: Since we know how fast sound travels, the sensor can calculate the
                     distance of the object.


                 CONNECTING ULTRASONIC SENSORS TO THE MICRO:BIT
                 To measure  distance,  we can  connect  an ultrasonic  sensor  like  the  HC-SR04  to  a  Micro:bit.

                 However, we need to be careful because the Micro:bit works with 3.3V, while the sensor uses 5V.


                 Connections:
                 The ultrasonic sensor has four important pins which are VCC, GND, Trig, and Echo.

                    ∑  VCC is connected to 3V or an external 5V power source.
                    ∑  GND is connected to the ground of the Micro:bit.

                    ∑  Trig is connected to Pin 0 of the Micro:bit to send a sound wave.



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