Page 106 - KEC Khaitan C8.2 Flipbook
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Measured as: Typically 0→1023 on Arduino Uno (10-bit resolution), representing 0–5V.
Examples:
o A light sensor that reports varying brightness levels.
o A temperature sensor that provides different voltages for different temperatures.
Why Use Analog: Greater detail; measure how much or how little of something (light, distance,
etc.).
INTRODUCTION TO SENSORS
WHAT ARE SENSORS?
Robots and automated devices aren’t just about turning lights on or off at set times. They often
need to respond to their surroundings:
A smart door opens when it senses motion.
A thermostat adjusts heat based on temperature readings.
An autonomous car avoids collisions by measuring distance to nearby objects.
Sensors act like the “eyes,” “ears,” and “nerves” of robotic
systems. They capture information from the environment
and feed it into the microcontroller so the system can make
decisions.
A sensor is a device that detects changes in the environment
and responds accordingly. Sensors measure physical
properties such as light, temperature, or distance and convert
them into electrical signals.
TYPES OF SENSORS
Sensors come in many types, but for our Reverse Parking System, we will focus on the ultrasonic
sensor, which measures distance.
Common Types of Sensors:
Sensor Type Function Example Application
Ultrasonic Sensor Measures distance using sound waves Car parking systems
Motion sensors in security
Infrared Sensor Detects objects using infrared light
systems
Temperature Sensor Measures temperature variations Smart thermostats
104 Premium Edition-VIII

