Page 94 - KEC Khaitan C8.2 Flipbook
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INTRODUCTION TO MICROCONTROLLERS



                  WHAT IS A MICROCONTROLLER?
                  A microcontroller is a small computer on a single chip that can be programmed to perform

                  specific tasks. It includes:
                     CPU (Processes instructions)

                     Memory (Stores data and programs)
                     Input/Output Pins (To connect sensors and other devices)

                                 Reset           USB Interface            LED Pin              Header for
                                 Switch              Chip                   13                 digital I/O






                               USB Part                                                         Clock
                                                                                              Oscillator





                                Power                                                           Micro-
                               Regulator                                                       Controller






                               DC Power                        Power                          Analog Input
                                 Port                          Header                            Header

                  Microcontrollers are used in robotics, automation, and smart devices, making them essential
                  for projects in this book!

                  OVERVIEW OF ARDUINO

                  The Arduino is a popular open-source microcontroller board used by hobbyists, students, and
                  engineers.

                  Key Components of an Arduino Board:
                     Microcontroller (ATmega328P) – The brain of the board.

                     Digital and Analog Pins – Used to connect components like LEDs, sensors, and motors.
                     USB Port – For uploading code from a computer.

                     Power Jack – To connect an external power source.
                     Reset Button – Restarts the program.

                  Fun Fact: The Arduino was designed for beginners, making it one of the easiest microcontrollers
                  to learn!



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