Page 107 - KEC Khaitan C8.2 Flipbook
P. 107

BASICS OF THE ULTRASONIC SENSOR
















                 Components and Pinout
                 The HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor has four pins:

                     Pin Functions:

                     o  VCC – Power supply (+5V)
                     o  GND – Ground

                     o  TRIG – Sends the ultrasonic pulse

                     o  ECHO – Receives the reflected pulse


                 HOW ULTRASONIC SENSORS WORK
                       The TRIG pin sends an ultrasonic pulse (sound wave).

                       The pulse bounces off an object and returns to the ECHO pin.

                       The sensor calculates distance based on the time it takes for
                     the pulse to return.
                     Formula for Distance Calculation:

                     Distance= 2(Time×Speed  of Sound)

                     (Speed of sound ≈ 343 m/s)


                 SENSING TIME : DISTANCE MEASUREMENT
                 As you know how an ultrasonic sensor works, try an activity to calculate and display the distance
                 of an obstacle from an ultrasonic sensor.


                 Tinkercad Design



















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