Page 105 - KEC Khaitan C8.2 Flipbook
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FUNDAMENTALS OF                                                                          CHAPTER


                 SENSORS & DATA                                                                          B3

















                    Learning Outcomes                                                                           95%


                   By the end of this lesson, students will:
                       understand what sensors are and why they’re essential in robotics.
                       differentiate between digital and analog inputs in an Arduino-based system.
                       interpret sensor data using blocks to read values and respond accordingly.
                       build a basic Reverse Parking System to detect and signal nearby obstacles.





                 In Lesson 1 and 2, you learned how to power and control simple outputs—like LEDs—in precise
                 sequences. But if robots only follow pre-set instructions, they can’t truly interact with the world
                 around them. That’s where sensors come in. Imagine a car that can automatically brake when
                 something is too close, or a smart house that adjusts lighting based on outdoor brightness. Sensors
                 give robots the eyes and ears (and sometimes nose!) to understand their surroundings and act
                 accordingly. In this lesson, you’ll discover how to integrate different types of sensors into your
                 Arduino projects and unlock the power of real-time data.




                           UNDERSTANDING DIGITAL VS. ANALOG INPUTS



                 DIGITAL INPUTS
                    Definition: Digital inputs can only register two states—HIGH (1) or LOW (0).
                    Examples:

                    o  A button or switch that’s either pressed (HIGH) or not pressed (LOW).
                    o  A motion sensor that toggles a digital pin when movement is detected.

                    o  Why  Use  Digital: Simple,  clear signals; easy to  code  decisions  (IF  pressed  THEN do
                        something).


                 ANALOG INPUTS
                     Definition: Analog inputs can read a range of values, not just on/off.




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