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Measured as: Typically 0→1023 on Arduino Uno (10-bit resolution), representing 0–5V.

                      Examples:
                      o   A light sensor that reports varying brightness levels.

                      o   A temperature sensor that provides different voltages for different temperatures.

                      Why Use Analog: Greater detail; measure how much or how little of something (light, distance,
                      etc.).



                            INTRODUCTION TO SENSORS



                  WHAT ARE SENSORS?
                  Robots and automated devices aren’t just about turning lights on or off at set times. They often

                  need to respond to their surroundings:
                       A smart door opens when it senses motion.

                       A thermostat adjusts heat based on temperature readings.

                       An autonomous car avoids collisions by measuring distance to nearby objects.
                  Sensors act like the “eyes,” “ears,” and “nerves” of robotic

                  systems.  They  capture  information  from the  environment
                  and feed it into the microcontroller so the system can make
                  decisions.
                  A sensor is a device that detects changes in the environment
                  and  responds  accordingly.  Sensors  measure  physical

                  properties such as light, temperature, or distance and convert
                  them into electrical signals.


                  TYPES OF SENSORS

                  Sensors come in many types, but for our Reverse Parking System, we will focus on the ultrasonic
                  sensor, which measures distance.
                      Common Types of Sensors:

                   Sensor Type              Function                                      Example Application

                   Ultrasonic Sensor        Measures distance using sound waves           Car parking systems
                                                                                          Motion sensors in security
                   Infrared Sensor          Detects objects using infrared light
                                                                                          systems

                   Temperature Sensor       Measures temperature variations               Smart thermostats









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