Page 91 - KEC Khaitan C8.2 Flipbook
P. 91
Applications:
Used to determine the required resistor value in LED circuits.
Helps in designing voltage dividers for sensors.
Ensures safe current flow in electronic components.
COMPONENTS OF A CIRCUIT
Before you dive into robotics, it’s important to understand basic electronic components that make
up circuits. Here are three fundamental components:
1. Resistors
Purpose: Resistors limit the flow of electric current, protecting components from
damage.
Unit of Measurement: Ohms (Ω)
Example Use: Resistors are used to control the brightness of an LED or limit
current flow in a circuit.
Symbol in Circuit Diagram:
2. Capacitors
Purpose: Capacitors store and release electrical energy when needed.
Unit of Measurement: Farads (F)
Example Use: Capacitors are used in power supply circuits to smooth out voltage fluctuations.
Symbol in Circuit Diagram:
3. Batteries
A battery is a device that stores and provides electrical energy to power circuits. It works by
converting chemical energy into electrical energy, supplying a steady flow of electrons to connected
components. Batteries come in different types and voltages, making them essential for powering
Arduino projects, sensors, and robotic systems.
Key Features of Batteries:
Voltage Rating: Determines the power output (e.g., 1.5V AA, 9V battery, 3.7V Li-ion).
Recap of Circuits and Microcontrollers 89

