Page 11 - KEC Khaitan C8.2 Flipbook
P. 11
HUB
A hub is a networking device that allows us to connect multiple
computers to a single network. A hub works on the physical layer of the
OSI model. It takes the input data from one of the ports and broadcasts
the information to all other ports connected to the network. It has no
decision-making capability, so it's a non-intelligent device. Only one transmission takes place on
a network at a particular time.
SWITCH
A switch has a decision-making capacity, so it is called an
intelligent device that works in the data link layer of the OSI
model. It has knowledge of the MAC addresses (machine
addresses) ports in the network. A switch is a secure device
that establishes a link between the sender and the receiver,
based on the machine addresses to transmit information.
REPEATER
A repeater regenerates and retransmits signals in a communication network.
It takes a weakened or corrupted signal and restores it to its original strength
or quality before sending it onward. Repeaters are used to extend the distance
over which data can be transmitted by eliminating signal degradation caused
by distance, noise, or interference.
ROUTER
A router is used when multiple devices need to connect to the Internet using
the same IP. It works on the network layer. In other words, it is used to connect
and facilitate transfer of information between two or more networks.
NETWORKING CABLE
Networking cable, also known as Ethernet cable, is a transmission medium
that allows the transfer of data between devices. There are various types
of networking cables such as coaxial cable, twisted pair cable, and optical
fibre cable.
MODEM
Modem is a device which is used to transmit data over a network. It is attached
to computers that can convert digital signals (to be transmitted over telephone
lines) to analog (continuous electrical waves) and convert analog signals to
digital signals at the receiving end.
Networking Concepts 9

