Page 11 - KEC Khaitan C8.4 Flipbook
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HUB

                                            A hub  is  a networking  device  that  allows us to  connect  multiple
                                            computers to a single network. A hub works on the physical layer of the
                                            OSI model. It takes the input data from one of the ports and broadcasts
                                            the information to all other ports connected to the network. It has no
                 decision-making capability, so it's a non-intelligent device. Only one transmission takes place on
                 a network at a particular time.


                 SWITCH
                 A switch has a decision-making capacity, so it is called  an

                 intelligent device that works in the data link layer of the OSI
                 model.  It has knowledge  of the  MAC  addresses (machine
                 addresses) ports in the network. A switch is a secure device
                 that establishes a link between the sender and the receiver,
                 based on the machine addresses to transmit information.


                                    REPEATER

                                    A repeater regenerates and retransmits signals in a communication network.
                                    It takes a weakened or corrupted signal and restores it to its original strength
                                    or quality before sending it onward. Repeaters are used to extend the distance
                                    over which data can be transmitted by eliminating signal degradation caused
                                    by distance, noise, or interference.



                 ROUTER

                 A router is used when multiple devices need to connect to the Internet using
                 the same IP. It works on the network layer. In other words, it is used to connect
                 and facilitate transfer of information between two or more networks.


                                     NETWORKING CABLE

                                     Networking cable, also known as Ethernet cable, is a transmission medium
                                     that  allows the  transfer of data  between  devices.  There are various  types
                                     of networking cables such as coaxial cable, twisted pair cable, and optical
                                     fibre cable.


                 MODEM

                 Modem is a device which is used to transmit data over a network. It is attached
                 to computers that can convert digital signals (to be transmitted over telephone
                 lines) to analog (continuous electrical waves) and convert analog signals to
                 digital signals at the receiving end.




                                                                                              Networking Concepts  9
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