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    FILE FORMATS

                      A file format is the way digital files are stored and organised so that a computer can read and
                      display them correctly. Each format has a specific structure that determines how data is saved,
                      compressed, and used. Choosing the right file format is essential for maintaining the quality
                      and usability of your illustrations. Some of the common vector and raster file formats are as
                      follows:

                      TYES OF RASTER FILE FORMATS

                      Raster images are used for photographs, digital paintings, and web graphics. The most common
                      raster file formats include:

                         ∑  JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group): A widely used format for photographs and web
                          images. It supports high compression but loses quality when saved multiple times.
                         ∑  GIF (Graphics Interchange Format): Supports animations and transparency but has limited

                          colour depth, making it less suitable for high-quality images.
                         ∑  PNG (Portable  Network  Graphics): Supports  transparency  and lossless compression,

                          making it ideal for web images and designs requiring a clear background.

                      TYPES OF VECTOR FILE FORMATS

                      Vector file formats store image data in mathematical equations, ensuring they remain crisp and
                      clear at any size. Common vector file formats include:
                         ∑  EPS (Encapsulated PostScript): A standard format for vector illustrations that supports high-

                          quality printing and scalability.
                         ∑  AI (Adobe Illustrator): A proprietary format used by Adobe Illustrator, allowing for advanced

                          editing and layering.
                         ∑  PDF (Portable Document Format): Though commonly used for documents, PDFs can also
                          store vector illustrations, making them useful for sharing and printing high-quality graphics.

                                USING 2D SHAPES IN GRAPHICS

                      2D (two-dimensional) shapes are geometric figures that have only width and height. They are
                      fundamental elements in digital graphics and design. Unlike 3D objects, 2D shapes are flat and do
                      not have depth. Common 2D shapes include:

                         ∑  Circles: Used for buttons, icons, and decorative elements.

                         ∑  Squares and Rectangles: Commonly used for backgrounds, frames, and structured layouts.

                         ∑  Triangles: Often used in dynamic and modern designs.
                         ∑  Polygons: Used to create unique and abstract designs.

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