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    FORMULAS AND FUNCTIONS                                                                 CHAPTER

                      IN EXCEL 2021                                                                         A2

                          LEARNING OUTCOMES                                                                           95%

                         The student will be able to:
                             understand the data types in excel 2021.
                             understand operators in excel 2021.
                             understand operator precedence.
                             understand ways to enter a formula in excel 2021.
                             understand the cell range.
                             understand the cell reference.
                             understand functions.

                                DATA TYPES IN EXCEL 2021

                      In Excel, data can be categorized into three types. Let us learn about them.
                      LABEL

                      Any text entered in Excel is called a label. It is used to define the information in the spreadsheet,
                      like the heading of a column, title, and name. It can be alphabetic, or alphanumeric text. By
                      default, the label is always left-aligned. We cannot perform any mathematical calculations on
                      labels. Some examples of labels are Name, x45fg, 12-5LA, Lakshay, Ravi.

                      VALUE
                      Any numeric data entered in Excel is called a value. These numerical entries are treated as fixed
                      values in Excel. We can do mathematical calculations on numeric entries. By default, numeric
                      values are always right-aligned. For example, 45 and 85574.

                      FORMULA
                      A formula is an expression that operates on the value or a range of cells and generates a result.
                      To perform mathematical calculations,  formula is  entered  in a cell. We  perform arithmetic
                      calculations on numeric values. The elements of a formula are:
                         References: A cell or a range of cells that you want to use in your calculation.

                         Operators: Symbols (+, -, *, /, ^, $, %, etc.) that specify the calculations to be performed.
                         Constants: Numbers or text values that do not change.

                       20   Premium Edition-VI

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