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    Some points must be kept in mind while creating a formula:
                       A formula must always begin with an equal (=) sign.

                       Operators must be included to direct the operation.
                       The data can be either numbers or cell addresses.

                                                                                                         PURE
                             A formula can contain a maximum of 8,192 characters in length.              FACT

                               OPERATORS IN EXCEL 2021

                     Operators are the symbols that are used to perform calculations on the elements of a formula.
                     There are three different types of operators: Arithmetic, Comparison and Reference.

                     ARITHMETIC OPERATORS

                     These operators  perform basic  mathematical  operations.  Some  arithmetic  operators  are:
                     +(addition), -(subtraction), *(multiplication), /(division) and ^(exponential).

                     COMPARISON OPERATORS

                     These operators are used to compare two values with the given set of operators. When two values
                     are compared  by  using  these  operators,  the  result  is  either  True or  False. Some  comparison
                     operators are = (equal to), > (greater than), < (less than), >= (greater than equal to), <= (less than
                     equal to) and <> (not equal to).

                     REFERENCE OPERATORS
                     These operators are used to combine a range of cells for calculations. Some reference operators
                     are colon(:) (range operator), comma(,) (union operator), space (intersection operator). Range
                     operator produces one reference to all the cells between two references. Union operator combines
                     multiple references into one reference. Intersection operator produces a reference to cells common
                     to the two references.

                               OPERATORS PRECEDENCE

                     In a  numeric  formula, the  results  of the  formula are calculated  based  on the  given  order  of
                     precedence:

                       1  Colon (:), single space, comma (,)             2  Percentage (%)

                       3  Exponent (^)                                   4  Multiplication (*) and Division (/)

                       5  Addition (+) and Subtraction (-)               6   Comparison Operators (=, <, >, <=, >=, <>)

                                                                                     Formulas and Functions in Excel 2021  21

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