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    Internet: This is a vast and globally connected network of networks that enables data exchange
                       and communication between billions of devices worldwide.

                       Intranet: An intranet is a secured internal network available only to members of a specific
                       organisation, usually its employees.
                       URL: Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is a unique address used to identify and access specific
                       resources on the Internet.

                       ISP: An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is an organisation that offers services for accessing,
                       using or participating in the Internet.
                       IP address: This is unique number assigned to every device connected to the Internet. It helps
                       identify computers, smartphones, servers and more.

                       DNS: Domain Name System (DNS) converts website names into machine-readable IP addresses.
                       It allows users to access websites using simple names instead of numbers.
                       Network bandwidth: This refers to the amount of data that can be transmitted across a network

                       in a given time, usually measured per second.

                                                                                                               PURE
                         The Internet is controlled by 7.5 crore servers.                                      FACT

                               NETWORK DEVICES

                     There are various devices used in a network. These include:

                       Network Interface Card (NIC): A device attached to a computer
                       that  enables  communication  over a network. The NIC contains  a
                       ROM  chip that has a unique  number called the  Media Access
                       Control (MAC) address, identifies the computer on the network.

                                         Modem: A device that allows computers and other devices to connect to
                                         the Internet. It converts digital data into analog signals for transmission over
                                         telephone lines and vice versa.

                        Hub: A device that joins multiple computers to form a single network
                       segment. It forwards data to all connected computers.

                                                      Switch: A device that connects multiple computers within a Local
                                                     Area Network (LAN). It manages data traffic to ensure that data
                                                     reaches  only the  intended  destination.  Unlike  a hub, a  switch
                                                     forwards data only to the target device.

                                                                                                  Networks Around Us   9

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