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Primary Memory
This is the main memory of a computer. CPU can directly access this memory. It is fixed on the
motherboard of a computer. Primary memory is further divided into two types:
1. Random Access Memory (RAM)
2. Read Only Memory (ROM)
Random Access Memory (RAM)
RAM is a temporary memory. The information stored in this
memory is lost when the computer is turned off. That’s why it
is also called volatile memory. It stores data and instructions RAM
given by the user and also the results produced by the computer
temporarily.
Read Only Memory (ROM)
ROM is the permanent memory, i.e., it holds the data even if the system
is switched off. It holds the starting instructions that are required to
start a computer. It is also called non-volatile memory.
ROM
Secondary Memory
This memory is permanent in nature and is not directly accessed by the CPU. It allows users to
store data that may be easily retrieved.
Secondary memory devices are also called secondary storage devices.
Hard Disk
Hard disk is permanently fixed in the CPU Box. The most important
function of the hard disk is to store program files and data files.
Hard disk
Factbot
World's first hard disk was introduced by IBM in 1956.
Hard disks are available in a variety of sizes with storage capacities as high as 5 TB (Terabyte)
or even more. The CPU can access data stored on a hard disk much faster than it can access
data on a CD.
External hard disks are also available. They are the hard disks that can be connected to any
computer with the help of a USB port.
Data Storage and Memory 11

