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1 Evolution of
Computers
Let’s surf
Early Counting Tools Abacus—First Calculating Device
Pascaline Adding Machine Leibniz Step Reckoner
Charles Babbage’s Analytical Engine Lady Ada Lovelace’s Programs
Herman Hollerith’s Tabulating Machine Computer Generations
Let’s PLug-in Century #Information Literacy
21 st
Skills
Write down the names of the things used for counting in these pictures.
1. ___________________ 2. _________________ 3. _________________
When you count on your fingers, you can count to a limit only after which you will be tired to
count more. But do you know how early people used to count when there were no computer
or calculator?
We have learnt about computer and its parts in previous classes. You know about the devices
which are used along with a computer to work properly. But have you ever thought how it was
invented and which was the first ever computer that came into existence? Let us read about
these devices in this chapter.
EARLY COUNTING TOOLS
Since ancient times, people have invented tools for calculations. Early man tied knots in a rope
and carved marks on clay to keep the records. They also used to count with the help of fingers,
toes, pebbles, stones, sticks, bones, etc.
Evolution of Computers 7

