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Early Counting Tools

                         ABACUS—FIRST CALCULATING DEVICE

                  The first step towards computing was the invention of Abacus around
                  3000 years ago, in China. It is a wooden frame with beads on parallel

                  wires which can do simple calculations like addition and subtraction.
                  This device is used to calculate numbers at a fast speed.
                                                                                                          Abacus


                                                              Tech Fact

                                 Abacus is also used in schools as an aid in teaching the number system.





                         PASCALINE ADDING MACHINE


                  In  1642, a mathematician,  Blaise  Pascal
                  invented the calculating machine called the
                  Pascaline  Adding  Machine. The numbers
                  were fed into the machine by dialing them
                  on the wheels. This device is believed to be

                  the first mechanical calculator of the world.
                  This machine was capable of performing                       Pascaline               Blaise Pascal
                  only addition and subtraction.


                         LEIBNIZ STEP RECKONER


                  In the beginning  of 1670s, a  mathematician,
                  Gottfried  Wilhelm  Leibniz invented  the  digital
                  mechanical  calculator  called  Step  Reckoner. It

                  was the first calculator that could perform all four
                  arithmetic  operations,  i.e., addition,  subtraction,
                  multiplication and division.                                        Leibniz Step Reckoner





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