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Ring Topology

                 This topology connects all nodes in a circular path. The messages travel
                 in clockwise or anti-clockwise directions. Any damage to the cable of any
                 node or device can result in a breakdown of the whole network.






                                                  Star Topology

                                                  In this topology, the central node acts as a hub to which all the other
                                                  nodes are connected. As compared to the bus topology, the star
                                                  topology  requires more devices  and  cables. The addition  of  a new
                                                  node to a star topology is easy compared to other topologies, such as
                                                  bus, as it involves a connection only to the central node.




                 Tree Topology

                 In this topology, nodes are connected as branches of a
                 tree, where hub acts as a root node. It is very simple in
                 nature, as it is easier to add new or remove the faulty
                 nodes. However, its major disadvantage is that if the root
                 node fails to function, the entire network is inoperable.




                                                  Mesh Topology

                                                  This topology connects every node in a network to every other node or
                                                  computer in the network. In this topology, there are minimal chances
                                                  of breakdown. This topology is mostly used in LANs.






                         Topic Flashback                                                     21 st  Century
                                                                                                 Skills  #Critical Thinking
                       Match the columns.
                               Column A                                Column B

                       1.  Mesh Topology                   a.  nodes are connected as branches of a tree

                       2.  Bus Topology                    b.  nodes are connected to a central node
                       3.  Ring Topology                   c.  nodes are connected in a circular path

                       4.  Star Topology                   d.  nodes are connected to a single common path
                       5.  Tree Topology                   e.  node are connected to all the other nodes






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