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Biometric Authentication: Biometric authentication
is a process in which biological characteristics such as
finger print, face and retina are used for identifying
the identity of an individual. In this process, a
biometric machine is used to capture the biological
details of a person and compare these details with
the existing details, which are stored in computer.
Biometric systems offer an automated and reliable
way of recognizing a person's identity based on
characteristics that are difficult to replicate, providing Biometric Authentication
an added layer of security. Some different types of
biometric authentication are as follows:
(i) Face Recognition: Face recognition is the
process to identify an individual by using his/her
facial features. A biometric machine captures the
facial image or video of person's face. This image
is transformed into a unique faceprint. The image
is transformed using a techniques such as deep
learning algorithms to map facial landmarks. The
resulting faceprint is sent to a back-end database
for comparison against stored templates to find
Face Recognition
a possible match. Face recognition is widely used
in smartphones for secure authentication.
Tech Funda
Biometrics were used during prehistoric times.
Chinese used finger prints in the 14th century for identification.
In the 17th century, finger prints were used to seal official documents.
(ii) Iris and Retinal Recognition: Biometrics that analyse the complex and unique
characteristics of the eyes can be divided into two different types:
Iris biometrics: The iris is the colouredart of the eye surrounding the pupil. Iris
recognition systems capture a video image of the iris, and the data is compared to
stored templates to verify identity.
Retina biometrics: Retina is the layer of blood vessels at the back of the eye. In retinal
recognition, an infrared light beam scans the retina’s unique pattern of blood vessels.
The captured data is then compared to the stored template to authenticate the user.
By using modern biometric technologies like face, iris, and retinal recognition, systems
can provide enhanced security and convenience for users.
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