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Sharpen Tool increases the contrast of the pixels at the edges thus increasing the focus on the image.
                 Follow these steps to increase the contrast of the pixels:

                 Step 1:      Open the image and select the Sharpen Tool from the Tools
                            panel.
                 Step 2:      Keep the value of Strength under 25% to get a subtle effect.
                            When working with Sharpen Tool, use the Zoom Tool over the
                            areas where you want to apply the tools.                           Image before and after
                                                                                               using the Sharpen Tool
                 Step 3:    Click and drag over the area to increase the sharpness.

                 Smudge Tool mixes and blends the colour of an area in the image. Smudge Tool pushes pixels around
                 the canvas. It looks like you have dragged your finger through wet paint.
                 Perform the following steps to use the Smudge Tool:

                 Step 1:    Open an image and select the Smudge Tool from the Tools panel.
                 Step 2:      To get a more controlled effect, reduce the Strength settings in the Options bar.

                 Step 3:      Check the Finger-painting checkbox in Options bar to use foreground color for smudging.
                 Step 4:    Add a new layer to smudge without spoiling the original image.


                      Dodge, Burn and Sponge Tool
                 Dodge Tool increases the exposure/brightness of photos. It is a great tool to lighten faces hiding in
                 shadows. You can also apply subtle highlights that make the subject stand out from the background.

                 Perform the below steps to use the Dodge Tool:

                 Step 1:      Open  the  image on  which  you  want  to  increase  brightness  and
                            select the Dodge Tool from the Tools panel.
                 Step 2:      Select the  brush  size  and softness  from the
                            Options bar.
                 Step 3:      Control  the  intensity  of  the  effect  from  Range
                            settings.
                 Step 4:      Click and drag over the part of image you want to   Image before and after using the Dodge Tool
                            lighten.
                 Burn Tool darkens the pixels without affecting the colors. By using this tool, you can create greater
                 contrast by deepening the shadows in certain areas of a photo. Photos taken in the day light often
                 end up having white patches and dark shadows. Burn Tool can darken the white patches, while Dodge
                 Tool can be used to lighten up shadowy faces. Follow the below steps to use the Burn Tool:

                 Step 1:      Open the image and select the Burn Tool from
                            the Tools panel.
                 Step 2:    Adjust the tool properties in the Options bar.

                 Step 3:      Click and drag over the image to darken the white        Image before and after using
                            patches.                                                          the Burn Tool





                                                                                 Introduction to Adobe Photoshop 7.0  25
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