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There are different types of malware programs that can affect the computer in the similar way a virus
do. Some of them are worm, trojan horse, spyware, ramsomware, rootkit and backdoor.
WORMS
A computer worm is a type of malware that has the capability to replicate itself without any human
interaction. It consumes lots of memory space in replication. Once a computer has been infected by
a worm, its processing speed gets slow-down, works unexpectedly and halts other tasks. A computer
worm can spread itself from one computer to the other by replication process.
TROJAN HORSE
The purpose of a trojan horse is to conceal itself inside the software that seems legitimate. When the
software is installed on the system, the trojan gets activated and infects the host system.
SPYWARE
Spyware is a type of malware program. The primary function of spyware is to snoop on a user’s
activity and send back the information it gathers to a hacker.
RANSOMWARE
Ransom is the money demanded to release the hostage kidnapped for the purpose. Similarly,
ransomware is malicious software used to access the data of the host system illegally by encrypting
it. The victim of the host system has to pay a huge amount of money to the attacker to get back access
to data.
ROOTKIT
Rootkit is a malware that gains administrator access to the host system. Once the attacker gains
access to the system, the rootkit gets hidden but retains special access to the system.
COMPUTER VIRUS
A computer virus is a ‘piece of code’ or program developed to corrupt the data or program files
stored on the computer system. It enters to the computer without permission of the user. The user of
the computer may not even realise that the computer is affected by a virus.
Viruses normally infect just one computer, however, if the computer is a part of a network, then
the computer virus may spread to other systems much like a human virus which transmits from
one person to another. After entering to the computer, they hamper the normal functioning of the
resources of computer such as processing power, memory and installed programs. Sometime, a virus
slows down the speed of computer or even damages the hard disk of the computer completely which
may not be recovered or repaired. VIRUS stands for Vital Information Resources Under Seize.
Computer Malware 65

