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Binary Number System
                 The word binary comes from 'Bi' meaning two. We see 'bi' in words such as ‘bicycle‘ (two wheels) or
                 ‘binocular’ (two eyes). The binary numbers have the base of 2.



                                                           Tech Fact

                    A single binary digit (like '0' or ‘1’) is called a ‘bit’. For example, 11010 is five bits long. The word
                                             bit is made up from the words 'binary digit’.



                 A computer is a machine made up of transistors, switches and other components. All these electronic
                 components are in two mutually exclusive states, either ON or OFF. The two binary digits represent
                 these two states. Every instruction given to a computer is converted into 0’s and 1’s so that it can be
                 understood and implemented by the computer. Binary language is therefore known as the machine
                 language.

                 A binary number is made up of only 0s and 1s.
                 Example of Binary Number: 110100
                 There is no 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 in Binary!


                                       Name      Size (bits)              Examples

                                     Bit              1       Single digit either 0 or 1

                                     Nibble           4       Group of 4 digits either 0 or 1

                                     Byte             8       Group of 8 digits either 0 or 1

                                     Word            16       Group of 16 digits either 0 or 1




                                                           Tech Fact
                        If the last digit of a binary number is 1, the number is odd; if it is 0, the number is even.
                                                            For Example:

                                                 1101 represents an odd number (13)

                                               10010 represents an even number (18)



                 Let us first learn how to form binary numbers.

                 As the binary number system consists of two digits 0 and 1 hence, its base is 2. Each digit or bit in
                 binary number system can be 0 or 1. A combination of binary digits may be used to represent different
                 quantities like 1001. The positional value of each digit in binary number is twice the place value or face
                 value of the digit of its right side. The weight of each position is a power of 2.





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