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Types of Artificial Intelligence
Based on its capacity to mimic human characteristics and their real-world applications, AI is
categorised into the following three categories:
• Artificial Narrow Intelligence
• Artificial General Intelligence
• Artificial Super Intelligence
Let us learn about them in detail.
Artificial Narrow Intelligence
Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI) has a limited/narrow range of abilities. It is most dedicated
to performing only one task. It is also called Weak AI or Narrow AI as it operates under limited
capabilities. It is goal oriented and focussed to do a single task. Consider Siri—virtual assistant
on an iPhone—it uses speech and language recognition techniques to set an alarm, or send an
SMS to a contact on your phone. Narrow AI uses Natural Language Processing (NLP) to perform.
Examples of Weak AI or Narrow AI are as follows:
• Image/facial recognition software
• Apple Siri, Amazon Alexa, Meta AI and other virtual assistants operate on limited functions.
• IBM’s Watson
• Vision recognition of self-driving cars
• Recommendations of e-commerce sites
Artificial General Intelligence
Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) has intelligence as par with human beings. Its performance
is just like humans. It is called Strong AI or Deep AI. The machine can mimic human behaviour
with the ability to learn and solve problems. AGI can think, learn and decide in a similar manner
as humans would do in a situation. Till now Strong AI is a theory, researchers and scientists
have not achieved it. Machines will have to go through experiential learning where not only the
human intelligence is to be replicated, emotions, beliefs and other thought processes need to
be simulated. It needs to train machines to think like humans.
Artificial Super Intelligence
Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI) has intelligence more than human beings. It can do tasks
beyond human capabilities. It is a hypothetical idea of an AI where machines become self-aware
and surpass human intelligence and abilities. A super AI will be capable of thinking, analyse,
perform, plan, decide, learn, and communicate on its own. The potential of such powerful
machines is very appealing, but it may have its own multiple consequences.
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