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Aryan: Interesting, so in this way we reached to what we are having today
“Personal Computer”. You have not told me the full form of ENIAC and UNIVAC.
Gowri: Oh, sorry! I forgot. The full form is:

ENIAC: Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer .
UNIVAC: Universal Automatic Computer.
Aryan: Thank you so much for this information, What we are going to learn next?
Gowri: Next, we are going to learn about Generations of computers.

Aryan: Generations? Do computers also have generations?
Gowri: Yes, just as we have generations in our families, like grandparents, parents, and children,
computers also have different generations. In the context of computers, a generation refers
to significant growth and development in computer technology.

4.2 COMPUTER GENERATIONS

Aryan: I am excited to know about these generations.
Gowri: Let us discuss it in detail with the help of following table:
There are five generations of computers:

Generation Period Technology Example

FIRST Started in 1946 1. Vacuum tube. ENIAC,
GENERATION 2. They use machine language. UNIVAC

SECOND In late 1950s 1. They used transistors. IBM1401,
GENERATION 2. They used Assembly language. MARK III

THIRD In mid 1960s 1. They used Integrated Circuits. IBM-360, CDC
GENERATION 2. They used High level languages like
FORTRAN, COBOL.

FOURTH Started in 1971 1. They used Microprocessor. IBM 370, Intel
GENERATION 2. They used high-level languages like C, C++, 4004
Java.
3. Internet was developed in fourth generation.

FIFTH Still in 1. They use super large scale integrated chips. Robots
GENERATION development 2. They are intended to work with natural
language.
3. They will have Artificial Intelligence(AI).

58 KVS DELHI REGION 2025