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The algorithm takes two numbers as input, adds them together, and displays the result. This is a simple
example where each step is executed sequentially—getting the numbers, performing the addition, and
showing the result.

Example 3: Calculate the Area of a Rectangle

Algorithm:
Step 1: Start. length

Step 2: Input the length of the rectangle (Length).

Step 3: Input the width of the rectangle (Width).
width
Step 4: Calculate the area (Area = Length × Width).

Step 5: Print "Area".

Step 6: Stop.

This algorithm calculates the area of a rectangle. First, it takes the length and width as input. Then, it
multiplies the two values to find the area and displays the result.

CONDITIONAL (SELECTION) STATEMENT

Conditional or selection statements are used in algorithms to make decisions based on certain
conditions. They allow the algorithm to choose different paths of execution depending on whether a
given condition is TRUE or FALSE. These are fundamental in decision-making processes within programs
and are widely used in programming languages.

How Conditional Statements Work in Algorithms?

In an algorithm, a conditional statement typically takes the following structure:

1. Evaluate the condition: Check if a specific condition or set of conditions is true or false.
2. Select a path: Depending on the evaluation result, either:

Execute a specific set of instructions if the condition is true.

Skip or execute a different set of instructions if the condition is false.

Examples of Conditional Statement Algorithms

Let’s look at some examples to understand the concept of conditional statements.

Example 4: Determine If a Number is Even or Odd
Algorithm:

Step 1: Start.

Step 2: Get a number as input from the user.
Step 3: If the remainder when the number is divided by 2 is zero, go to Step 4; otherwise, go to Step 5.

Step 4: Print "The number is even".

#Algorithmic Thinking 85