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Improves creativity: Programming is also a fun and creative way to show your ideas. You can create
new things, design apps, or even make your own robots. It’s like art but in the digital world.

Example: If you love drawing, you can use programming to create a digital version of your drawings
and make them come to life in games or animations.
Programming is everywhere: From the smartphones we use to the cars we drive; programming
is involved in almost everything! It’s what makes all the technology around us work. The more we
understand programming, the more we can make a difference in the world by improving these
technologies.

Example: Have you used a robot or played with a toy that moves on its own? That’s because of
programming! Every little movement is decided by a set of instructions that the robot follows.

DEFINITION OF A PROGRAM

A program is a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform
a specific task. Think of it as a recipe that tells the computer what to
do, step by step. Just like a chef follows a recipe to make a delicious
dish, a computer follows a program to solve a problem, play a game,
or even display your favourite website.

Programs are written using programming languages. Some popular programming languages include:

Python JavaScript C

C++ Java
To write a program, you use a text editor or Integrated Development Environment (IDE), which helps
you write and manage your code. An IDE can also help to catch errors and suggest improvements while
you write. Once the program is written, it is compiled or interpreted (depending on the language),
which means it is converted into a form that the computer can understand and run.

Once a program is written, it is saved on a computer’s storage device, like the Hard Drive or Solid-
State Drive (SSD). The program is stored in a special file, which is usually given a name that ends with
an extension like .exe, .py, or .java, depending on the programming language used. When you run a
program, the computer loads it from storage into its memory (also known as RAM) so it can follow the
instructions and carry out the task.

Steps for Developing a Program

Developing a program is a structured process that involves several stages. Each step helps to ensure
that the program works correctly, is easy to maintain, and meets the requirements.

The main steps involved in developing a program are as follows:

1. Understand the Problem

Before you start writing code, it’s important to understand the problem
you are trying to solve. This means knowing what the program is
supposed to do and what results you want to achieve.

#Fundamentals of Programming 93