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It is a distributed digital ledger of transactions that is duplicated and distributed across the entire
network of computers on the blockchain. Each block in a chain may contains a record of multiple
transactions. When a new transaction occurs, it is added to the blockchain and recorded in every
participant’s ledger. Anything that carries value can be recorded and tracked and can be traded on a
blockchain network ensuring transparency, security, and immutability in the exchange of assets.

Machine Learning (ML)

Machine Learning is a key branch of Artificial Intelligence (AI) that focuses on creating algorithms and
models that allow computers to learn from data and improve their performance without being explicitly

programmed. Unlike traditional programming, where specific rules and instructions are hardcoded,
machine learning systems use patterns in data to make decisions, predictions, or classifications. As these
systems are exposed to more data, they continuously refine their models and enhance their accuracy

over time through a process called training.
Common Applications of Machine Learning

Machine Learning impacts many technologies used daily, including:

Social Media: ML algorithms analyse user behaviour to provide personalised content and

advertisements tailored to individual preferences.

Email Spam and Malware Filtering: ML automatically detects and filters out harmful or unwanted
emails to protect users.

Customer Support: Chatbots powered by machine learning understand natural language and manage
complex customer queries without human help.

Search Engines: Platforms such as Google refine search results by understanding user intent,
providing more accurate and relevant information.

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