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    PRIMARY MEMORY

                     Primary memory is the main memory of a computer. CPU can directly access this

                     memory. It is fixed on the motherboard of a computer. Primary memory is further
                     divided into two types:

                        Random Access Memory (RAM)

                        Read-only Memory (ROM)
                     Random Access Memory (RAM)

                     RAM is a temporary memory. The information stored in this memory is lost when
                     the computer is turned off. That’s why it is also called

                     volatile memory. It stores data and instructions given
                     by  the user  and  also the  results produced  by  the                              RAM

                     computer temporarily.
                     Read-only Memory (ROM)

                     ROM is the permanent memory, i.e., it holds the data even if

                     the system is switched off. It holds the starting instructions
                     that are  required  to start a computer.  It is  also called

                     non-volatile memory.                                                                   ROM

                           SECONDARY MEMORY

                     Secondary memory is permanent in nature and is not directly accessed by the CPU.

                     It allows users to store data that may be easily retrieved.

                     Secondary memory devices are also called secondary storage devices.

                     Hard Disk

                     Hard  disk  is  permanently  fixed  in  the  CPU  Box.  The  most

                     important function of the hard disk is to store program files
                     and data files.
                                                                                                         Hard disk
                     Hard disks are available in a variety of sizes with storage
                     capacities as high as 5 TB (Terabyte) or even more. The CPU can access data

                     stored on a hard disk much faster than it can access data on a CD.

                     External hard disks are also available. They are the hard disks that can be connected
                     to any computer with the help of a USB port.

                                                                                      Memory and Storage Devices         15

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