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    The  Difference  Engine  consisted

                     of a series of gears and levers that
                     could be programmed to perform
                     a  specific  calculation.  But  even

                     after working on this project for 10
                     years, this machine never became

                     a reality.
                                                                    Difference Engine           Analytical Engine
                     In 1833, he invented  a  machine

                     called  the  Analytical Engine,  the  first-ever  working  model  of  a  mechanical
                     computer, a fully program-controlled machine. It also included integrated memory
                     and programs flow control and also ALU into it. The machine had four components:

                     mill, store, reader and printer. This is why Charles Babbage is known as the ‘Father
                     of computers’.

                     Lady Ada Lovelace’s Programs

                     The instructions given to Babbage’s Analytical Engine were
                     in the form of Binary Numbers 0’s and 1’s and the first person
                     to introduce this concept was Lady Ada Lovelace. Since she

                     was the first to introduce the concept of programming, she
                     is known as the First Computer Programmer.                                     Lady Ada Lovelace

                       Herman Hollerith’s Tabulating Machine

                     Herman        Hollerith,      an    army      engineer,      built    an

                     electromechanical  device called the  Tabulating  Machine
                     in 1890. The machine read and stored data from punched
                     cards.

                     After the success of this machine, Hollerith formed a

                     Computing Tabulating Recording Company  to  sell  his
                                                                                                     Herman Hollerith
                     machine. Later in 1924, his company
                     became a part of  International

                     Business Machines Corporation,
                     today popularly known as IBM.

                                                                                Hollerith’s Tabulating Machine

                                                                                            Evolution of Computers        9

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