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    Every instruction given to a computer is converted into binary digits so that the computer can

                     process and execute tasks. This system of 0s and 1s is called binary code, which is the fundamental
                     language computers understand.
                     The term 'binary' comes from the prefix 'bi,' meaning two, as seen in words like 'bicycle' (two

                     wheels) or 'binocular' (two eyes). Binary numbers use  a base-2 system,  meaning they are
                     composed only of the digits 0 and 1.
                     An example of a binary number is 110100.

                     There is no 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 in Binary!
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                           A single binary digit (like '0' or ‘1’) is called a ‘bit’. For example, 11010 is five bits long. The
                          word bit is made up from the words 'binary digit’.
                           A nibble is a group of 4 bits. In the example 11010, the first 4 bits (1101) form a nibble
                          and the remaining 1 bit (0) is left as a single bit. So, 11010 consists of one nibble and one
                          extra bit.

                     The following table describing various data size units in terms of bits, along with examples:

                                   Name           Size (bits)                      Examples
                               Bit                     1         0 or 1

                               Nibble                  4         1101, 1001

                               Byte                    8         11010101, 1001010
                               Word                   16         1101011010110010, 1001011000101101

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                          If the last digit of a binary number is 1, the number is odd; if it is 0, the number is even.
                          For Example:
                              1101 represents an odd number (13)
                              10010 represents an even number (18)

                     The positional value of each digit in binary number is twice the place value or face value of the
                     digit of its right side. The weight of each position in a binary number is a power of 2.

                     The place value of the digits according to position and weight is as follows:

                               Position       3         2         1          0                  –1         –2
                                                                                       •
                               Weights        2 3       2 2       2 1       2 0                 2 –1      2 –2

                                                                                                    Number System         9

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