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    1                           Number System

                          Goal Glimpse

                             Decimal Number System                           Binary Number System
                             Octal Number System                             Hexadecimal Number System
                             Computer Arithmetic                             Conversion of Number Systems

                     A Number System is simply a method of counting. There are many number systems in existence.

                     Consider a clock. Clocks have 24 hours, each hour has 60 minutes. Each minute is in turn has
                     60 seconds. When you learnt to count, you used the numbers, like 1, 2, 3, etc. Similarly, computers
                     also have their own number system, known as the binary number system.
                     The digital computer represents all kinds of data and information like audio, graphics, video, text

                     and numbers in binary form.
                     The  total number of  digits used in  a  number  system  is  called its  base  or  radix. Therefore,
                     when someone says that he is working with number system of radix 2, it means base 2, i.e.,

                     binary number system. The base is written after the number as subscript such as (512) . In
                                                                                                                    10
                     this example, the number 10 is written as the subscript to express the number in 512 decimal
                     number system. There are four types of number systems, which are as follows:

                     1.  Decimal number system
                     2.  Binary number system

                     3.  Octal number system

                     4.  Hexadecimal number system

                     The decimal number system is used in general. However, the computers use binary number
                     system. The octal and hexadecimal number systems are also used in the computer.
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                           The numerical digits we use today, such as 1, 2 and 3, are based on the Hindu-Arabic
                          numeral system developed over a thousand years ago.
                           The number 0 is  known by various names, including zero, nought,  naught,  nil, zilch
                          and zip.

                                                                                                    Number System         7

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