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TYPES OF AUTOMATION
Automation can be implemented using software, robotics, artificial intelligence (AI), and

mechanical systems. Different types of automation cater to various needs, from manufacturing
and business operations to smart homes and AI-driven processes.

Flexible Robotic Process
Automation Automation
(RPA)

Intelligent
Automation Fixed
(IA) Automation

Programmable
Automation

There are different types of automation based on how they are used. Some of those are given below:

Fixed Automation

These machines are designed to handle a high volume of work involving repetitive tasks, and are
dedicated to performing a single task that is not easily altered. This is also known as hard automation.
For example, Assembly line machines that manufacture the same type of bottle cap throughout

the day. These machines operate at a very high speed, yet they offer low flexibility.

Programmable Automation

This type of automation is used in manufacturing and production systems where equipment can
be reprogrammed to handle different tasks. It is especially useful in scenarios where product
designs change occasionally or when small batches of different products need to be produced

using the same machinery.
For example, an assembly line in a car factory may be programmed today to install car engines,
and tomorrow, after reprogramming, it could be used to install car dashboards.

Flexible Automation

These machines are used in environments where production changes frequently, and operations
are carried out in small batches without needing to stop the machine. They are also referred to
as soft automation.

Introduction to AI and Automation 95