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    The digit 7 in the number 724 is the most significant digit and 4 is the least significant digit.

                     The table shows the positional weight of decimal number (724) .
                                                                                      10

                                                         Hundreds                   Ten                   Units

                      Weights                                 10 2                   10 1                   10 0

                      Real Value of each digit              7 × 10 2               2 × 10 1               4 × 10 0

                      Result                                 700                     20                      4

                     For Example: (3698)  10

                                     0
                     8 signifies 8 x 10 = 8
                     9 signifies 9 x 10 = 90
                                      1
                                      2
                     6 signifies 6 x 10 = 600
                                     3
                     3 signifies 3 x 10 = 3000
                     Upon adding them = 3000 + 600 + 90 + 8 = 3698

                     BINARY NUMBER SYSTEM

                     A number system made up of only two digits: 0 and 1, is known as the binary number system.
                     When the binary number system is used, every number is formed using only 0 and 1. The word
                     binary comes from ‘Bi-’ meaning two that’s why the base of the binary number is 2. It is also

                     known as the base-2 system. There is no 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 in Binary.
                     The following table shows the units of data in binary system:

                                          Name         Size (bits)               Examples
                                      Bit                   1        Single digit either 0 or 1
                                      Nibble                4        Group of 4 digits either 0 or 1
                                      Byte                  8        Group of 8 digits either 0 or 1
                                      Word                  16       Group of 16 digits either 0 or 1

                     Formation of Binary Numbers

                     Each digit or bit in a binary number system can be 0 or 1. A combination of binary digits may
                     be used to represent different quantities like 1001. The positional value of each digit in a binary
                     number is twice the place value or face value of the digit on its right side. The weight of each
                     position is a power of 2. The place value of the digits according to position and weight is as follows:

                        Position         3            2           1           0                       –1          –2
                                                                                          •
                        Weights          2 3         2 2         2 1         2 0                     2 –1        2 –2

                                                                                                      Number System    9

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