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    Human Vision System

                                                                                             bowl, oranges,
                                                                                            bananas, lemons,
                                                                                              peaches

                                                         Eye                     Brain
                                               (sensing device responsible for capturing   interpreting device responsible for
                                                   images of the environment)  understanding the image content

                                                            Computer Vision System

                                                                                                   bowl, oranges,
                                                                                                  bananas, lemons,
                                                                                                     peaches

                                            Input          Sensing device   Interpreting device      Output

                      How does Computer Vision Work?

                      The two technologies required to accomplish these are:

                         Machine Learning (Deep Learning)
                         Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)

                      Machine learning enables a computer to understand the context of visual data by using algorithmic
                      models. To achieve this, enough data needs to be fed through the model so that the computer can
                      teach itself to recognise images.
                      A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) helps a machine learning model to process the image by
                      breaking it down into tiny parts called pixels. It then transforms it into digital data by applying
                      algorithms  before comparing the captured  images with those  stored  in the database.  These
                      systems are used to identify an individual based on their facial features like the spacing of their
                      eyes, ears, chin, etc.

                      Examples of AI Applications based on Computer Vision

                         Face recognition systems are used at the workplace and schools to mark attendance.
                         Biometric software is used by law enforcement agencies to scan faces in CCTV footage.
                         Image enabled searches at online shopping websites using camera.

                         Selfie-based authentication for banking and payments apps using face recognition technology.

                      NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING

                      Natural Language Processing (NLP) is the ability of an AI system to understand human language
                      as it is spoken. Computer cannot understand the language we speak. Hence, we need software
                      and programming languages to communicate with the computer.

                      106   Premium Edition-VIII

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