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    For example, a formula (=A2*B2) placed in cell C2 multiplies the values of cells A2 and B2. As we
                     press the Enter key, the result of the multiplication of values in A2 and B2 is displayed in cell C2.

                     If we copy the formula (=A2*B2) in cell C3, then the cell references in the formula (=A2*B2) change
                     in relation to the new location of the formula, and the result is displayed according to the changed
                     cell reference.

                                                                                                After copying and pasting
                                                                                                 the formula in cell C3,
                                                                                                   cell references are
                                                                                                 automatically adjusted.
                                         Result of formula
                                        (=A2*B2) in cell C2

                     ABSOLUTE CELL REFERENCING                                    Typing the formula (=$A$2 + $B$2)
                                                                                  in cell C2 for absolute referencing
                     In  absolute cell referencing, cell references in the
                     formula remain the same even if we copy and paste the
                     formula to a new location. It is used when you maintain
                     the original references as they were. For this, we need
                     to use the $ (dollar) sign as a prefix before the column
                     name and row number in the formulas.

                     For example, if we want the value of A1 to be  constant
                     when multiplying it with a cell from column B, absolute
                     referencing will be used.

                     When the formula (=$A$2*$B$2) in cell C1 is copied            Displaying constant result after copying
                     and pasted to C2, the values in cells A2 and B2 remain            and pasting formula in cell C3
                     unchanged.

                     MIXED CELL REFERENCING

                     A  mixed cell reference refers  to  a specific  row  or
                     column. It is basically a combination of relative and
                     absolute references. There are times when we may
                     want a part of the cell reference to change when the
                     formula is copied.

                     In some  situations,  you  may  need  to  use  a  ‘Mixed’
                     reference, so that  you  can lock either  a column or
                     a row by preceding it with a Dollar ($) symbol. For
                     example,  when the column letter  changes, the row                            Typing the formula using
                                                                                                    a mixed cell reference
                     stays constant or vice versa.

                                                                                     Formulas and Functions in Excel 2021  19

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