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    Advantages                                    Disadvantages
                         Covers a larger area than LAN                   More complex than LAN

                         High-speed connectivity across buildings        Needs specialised hardware
                         Cost-effective compared to WAN                  Security can be a concern

                       Wide Area Network (WAN): A WAN covers a much larger geographic area than a LAN or MAN. It
                        can span a city, country or even multiple continents, connecting multiple LANs together. The Internet
                        is the largest and most well-known example of a WAN, connecting millions of devices globally.

                                         Advantages                                    Disadvantages

                         Covers large geographical areas                 Expensive to set up and maintain
                         Connects multiple LANs and MANs                 Slower speed and high latency
                         Facilitates communication across the world Difficult to troubleshoot and manage

                       Personal  Area Network (PAN): A PAN is a small network
                        that  connects  devices  in  close  proximity  to  an individual,
                        typically within a range of a few meters. PANs use wireless
                        technologies such as Bluetooth and Wi-Fi to connect devices
                        like smartphones, laptops, tablets  and wearable devices
                        (like smartwatches). PANs  are generally used  for  personal
                        purposes and allow easy data transfer between devices, such

                        as syncing files or connecting wireless headphones to a phone.

                                         Advantages                                    Disadvantages
                         Low setup cost                                  Very limited range (few metres)
                         Easy to manage                                  Low speed and performance

                         Convenient for short-range communication  Risk of interference from other devices
                         (e.g., Bluetooth)

                                                                                                  Networks Around Us  13

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