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    Cybersecurity is all about protecting our devices and personal information from online threats.
                     In this chapter, we will learn how to stay safe while using the Internet and keep our digital world
                     secure.

                               WHAT IS CYBER SECURITY?

                     The word ‘cyber’  denotes  the  culture  of computers,
                     information  technology  and  virtual  reality.  The
                     connection between interrelated computers all around
                     the globe forms the cyber space and gives rise to the
                     requirement  of  cyber security. It is  the  practice  of

                     protecting computers from malicious attacks.

                          PURE
                          FACT       Cyber security began in 1970s with a research project on ARPANET, a precursor to Internet.

                               NEED FOR CYBER SECURITY

                     As per the NITI Aayog report, the fastest growing crimes are in the online world and they have
                     increased drastically over the last few years. The online or Internet-based illegal act is called
                     cyber crime. There are multiple cyber security issues and ways to control them. We need cyber

                     security to protect cyber space from misuse and cyber-attacks.

                               COMPUTER ETHICS

                     Computer ethics are rules that govern our actions when we use computers and the Internet.
                     Unacceptable actions in the cyber space are punishable by law. Let us discuss a few unethical
                     practices that are taking place in the cyber space.

                                                                    SPAMMING

                                                                    Spamming refers to the act of repeatedly sending
                                                                    unwanted e-mails called spam to a large number of
                                                                    recipients. These e-mails are used for commercial
                                                                    advertisements.  These  are  also  known as  junk
                                                                    e-mails.

                                                                                                       Cyber Security  43

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