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    H
                                                                             O
                                                                             S       Rivers have multiple streams to stay
                                                                             T
                                                                             E      connected, just like computer networks
                                                                             L
                                                                                    use multiple connections to ensure they
                                                                                        keep working even if one fails.
                                  Laboratory
                                                                      Hostel
                                                     INTERNET

                                                                          Library
                                 University

                                          Advantages                                        Disadvantages

                          High-speed  connections  across  campus  Limited to one campus only
                          buildings

                          Cost-effective for an organisation               Setup cost can be high initially
                          Easier to manage internally                      Requires  technical  staff to  manage  and
                                                                           secure

                           Tick ( ) if you know this.

                           ▶  A Network Interface Card is attached to a computer to enable communication over a network.
                           ▶   Network protocol  defines  how data  is transmitted and received  between  devices
                              connected to a network.

                      ON THE BASIS OF ARCHITECTURE
                      Network architecture refers to the design and layout of a computer network. It outlines the
                      structure and organisation of various components, including hardware, software, protocols
                      and services, which work together to enable communication and resource sharing within
                      the network. There are two main types of network architectures: Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Network and
                      Client-Server Network.

                      Peer-to-Peer Network

                      A Peer-to-Peer network is a network in which all the computers or devices are linked together
                      with equal  privileges  and responsibilities  for processing
                      data.  A Peer-to-Peer  network has no dedicated  server.
                      Each device can act as both a client and a server.

                       14   Computer Science (V5.0)-VIII

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