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Page 99 - 2612 Digimind C5
P. 99

    The operating  system  faces  trouble  in starting up  or the  computer  may  shut down
                       unexpectedly.

                       Sometimes music and unusual sounds play automatically.

                     Effects of Virus

                     Some of the effects of virus are as follows:
                       Files become corrupted or the content of the files gets deleted.

                       A virus can damage or destroy the operating system.

                       A virus can reduce the memory space.

                     Types of Computer Virus

                     There are various types of computer viruses that infect the computer in different ways. The
                     most commonly known categories of computer viruses are:

                        Program File Virus: A Program file virus, also known as a file-infecting virus, is a type
                       of computer virus that targets and infects executable files (such as .exe, .com, .sys, etc.).

                       When an infected program file is run, the virus code is also executed, which can then
                       spread to other files, corrupt them or make them unusable.
                        Boot Sector Virus: A Boot sector virus is a type of computer virus that infects the boot
                       sector of storage devices like hard disks, floppy disks or USB drives. It specifically targets

                       the Master Boot Record (MBR) or the boot sector, which is responsible for loading the
                       operating system during the startup process. Once the system is infected, the virus can
                       spread to other disks that are used with the infected computer. The most commonly

                       known boot sector viruses are Michelangelo and Stoned.
                       Macro  Virus: A  Macro  virus is a type  of virus that  targets  and infects  documents,
                       particularly files that use macros, such as Microsoft Word or Excel files. When a user

                       opens an infected document, the macro virus is executed, potentially spreading to other
                       documents and affecting the system. The virus may then infect other files by embedding
                       its malicious code into macros within the user's documents. Additionally, some macro
                       viruses  do  send  themselves via  email  by  automatically  attaching  to  messages  and

                       sending them to contacts in the user's address book, thus spreading further. Melissa
                       and Bablas are the most commonly known macro viruses.
                       E-mail Virus:  An E-mail  virus is  a type  of computer  virus that  transmits  from one

                       computer  to  another through e-mail messages. Some  e-mail viruses can also be
                       transmitted as an infected attachment with the e-mail message. The virus can become
                       active when the recipient opens the infected email attachment or sometimes even clicks

                       on a malicious link. It sounds very simple but an e-mail virus can erase files, destroy
                       information and cause computer crashes.

                                                                                                         Cyber Safety  97

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