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    MESH TOPOLOGY
                      In this topology, every single node in a network is connected to all the

                      other nodes or computers in the network. There are minimal chances of
                      network failure in this topology due to redundant connections.

                                NETWORKING TRANSMISSION MEDIA

                      Various components are interconnected with each other through some medium in a computer
                      network. The medium that enables you to transfer data from one computer to another is
                      known as a transmission medium. The cables that connect two or more workstations are the
                      communication channels. Computers in a small network can be connected by cables (mostly
                      copper conductors in twisted pairs or coaxial cables). Nowadays, optical fiber cables are also
                      used for networking due to their higher speed and capacity.

                      We  can group  communication  media  into  two  categories:  Guided transmission  media  and
                      Unguided transmission media. The guided media includes cables and unguided media includes
                      waves.

                      GUIDED TRANSMISSION MEDIA

                      Guided transmission media refers to communication channels that are confined to a specific path
                      or medium. Different types of guided transmission media are as follows:
                         Coaxial Cable: It contains a central conductor surrounded by an insulator and a shield. It is
                        used to connects satellite dishes to TV receivers and to connect cable modems to the Internet
                        service provider.
                         Twisted Pair Cable: It consists  of two  insulated
                        copper  wires twisted  together.  It is used  to  make

                        phone calls and to connect your computer or tablet
                        to the Internet.
                         Fiber Optic Cable: It uses glass or plastic fibers to
                        transmit light pulses. It is used to provide very fast
                        Internet connections.

                      UNGUIDED TRANSMISSION MEDIA

                      The unguided transmission media are categorised into two types: long distance wireless and
                      short distance wireless media.

                      Long Distance Wireless Media

                      It can support communication over longer distances up to thousands of kilometres. Long distance
                      wireless communication media includes microwaves and radio waves.
                         Microwaves: It refers to microwave radio transmission which is commonly used to send signals

                        from the earth to the satellites and vice-versa. These wavers are also used for deep space
                        communications, radar systems, radio astronomy, etc.

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