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    Networking protocols are fundamental  rules  that  govern  how devices communicate  over  a
                      network. These protocols ensure the smooth, secure and accurate transmission of data. From
                      browsing websites using HTTP to sending emails via SMTP, each protocol is crucial for the
                      proper functioning of modern networks. In this section, we will explore the various types of
                      network protocols, their roles and why they are essential for seamless communication across

                      the Internet.

                                NETWORK PROTOCOL

                      A network  protocol  is a set  of rules that  controls how
                      computers  communicate  over a  network.  These  rules

                      ensure that data is sent, received and understood correctly
                      between devices.

                      For communication to work smoothly, all computers on a
                      network must use the same protocols. Without these rules,
                      devices would not be able to communicate reliably.

                      NEED FOR NETWORK PROTOCOLS
                      Network protocols  are essential  for smooth  and reliable  communication  between  computers.
                      Since different devices may use different hardware and software, protocols give every device a
                      common set of rules to follow. Network protocols help in the following ways:

                         They ensure data is transmitted correctly.

                         They define the format of the data being exchanged.
                         They help reduce errors during communication.

                         They maintain order and control in data transfer.

                         They support secure communication across the network.

                      Without network protocols, computers would not be able to recognise one another, exchange
                      information or share resources effectively.

                      APPLICATIONS OF NETWORK PROTOCOLS

                      Network protocols are used in many everyday computer and Internet activities. Here are the
                      applications of Network protocols:

                         Browsing websites with HTTP and HTTPS.
                         Sending and receiving emails using SMTP, POP3 and IMAP.

                         Transferring files through FTP.

                         Carrying out online banking and shopping, which require secure communication.
                         Sharing resources like printers and files within a network.

                       24   Premium Edition-VIII

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