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    CHAPTER
                     NETWORKING CONCEPTS                                                                        1

                                       Hey, Techie, I want to know about
                                       the evolution of networks. How           Topics Covered                      95%
                                       did  technology  take  over our             Computer Network
                                       lives and became a necessity?               Need of Computer Networking
                                                                                    Components of a Communication
                                                                                  System
                                                                                   Requirements for Computer Networking
                                                                                   Network Terminologies
                                                                                   Types of Networks
                     Shweta, if we look back over the past few decades,            Network Architecture
                     before any one of us ever touched a computer                  Topologies
                     or was connected  to  the Internet, networking                Networking Transmission Media
                     meant  going out  to  meet  some  friends and
                     having a conversation. The notes they took were the databases and servers. The
                     data people wanted to share were their dreams, curiosities and memories and this
                     data was transmitted by writing in each other’s notebook and passing it from one
                     hand to another.

                                       That sounds like an interesting time to live in, but it’s so different from today,
                                       where everything is just a click away.

                     Then, humans took a giant leap and computers were developed for an individual
                     to work on his/her own machine. But as the usage increased, it was observed that
                     although computers offered computation power to their users, they could not suffice
                     all their needs because applications often demanded exchange of data between
                     several such users. Thus, the idea of linking two machines together that can share

                     information, emerged.

                                                                                                  Networking Concepts  7

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