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    Block Name                Shape                                  Function

                     C-Block                                       This block loops the other blocks within it. It

                                                                   is also called a wrap block. This block is also
                                                C shaped           used to repeat an action.

                     Cap Block                                     This block stops the script from functioning.

                                                                   It is shaped in such a way that no other block
                                           Notch at the top
                                                                   can be placed below it.
                                            and flat bottom

                     Scratch blocks are divided into different categories based on their functions. In most
                     of these blocks, you can change the value in the block to suit your script. Let us learn
                     about these blocks in detail.

                     Motion Blocks

                     Motion blocks are used to control the movement of a Sprite. They are blue in colour.

                     Some motion blocks need values for coordinates and directions.

                     Coordinates                                                                  Y

                     Coordinates  are  numbers  that  represent                                 3
                     the  exact  location  in  the  form  of  (X,Y)                             2          (2,2)
                     coordinates,  X is the  Sprite’s  horizontal                  (-2,1)       1

                     position.  The  Y-coordinate  is  a  Sprite’s                                                     X
                     vertical position. X and Y coordinates when                  -3   -2   -1  -1  (0,0) 1  2    3
                     written together indicate the exact location                              -2
                     or position of the Sprite on the stage.                                   -3

                                                                               While  writing  coordinates,  the
                                                                               X-coordinate  always  comes  first,
                                                                               and the coordinates are separated

                                                                               by  a  comma.  For  example,  an  X-
                                                                               coordinate of 2 and a Y-coordinate
                                                                               of 2 would look like this: (2, 2). In
                                                                               the  very  centre  of the  Stage  is a

                                                                               point marked (0, 0), which is called
                                                                               the origin.

                     In the same way, Scratch determines the positions on its screen. Positions are known
                     as pixels in Scratch. The ‘X’ and ‘Y’ positions in Scratch are used to determine the
                     location of a Sprite (object) on the stage.

                                                                                               Blocks in Scratch  69

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