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    When you were a child, you were taught about alphabets and numbers. Do you still
                      remember them? How? This is because these were stored in your memory. Just like
                      human memory, computers also have memory to store all the data and instructions

                      for performing various tasks.

                      Data and Information

                      In your daily life, you come across a lot of facts and figures in the form of numbers,
                      images,  etc.  These  are  called  data.  You  can  say  that  a  collection  of  raw  and
                      unorganised facts is known as data. When this data is organised and given a specific

                      context, it becomes information.

                      Memory

                      The data and instructions that are entered into the computer using input devices are
                      to be stored in the memory. There are two types of memory:

                      1. Primary Memory                                 2. Secondary Memory

                      Primary Memory

                      This is the main memory of the computer. The CPU can directly access this memory.

                      It is fixed on the motherboard of the computer.
                      Primary memory is further divided into two types:

                      1. Random Access Memory (RAM)                     2. Read Only Memory (ROM)

                      Random Access Memory (RAM)

                      RAM is a temporary memory. The information stored in this memory is lost when the

                      computer is turned off. That is why it is also called volatile memory. It stores data
                      and instructions given by the user and also the results produced by the computer
                      temporarily.

                      Types of RAM

                      1.  Dynamic RAM (DRAM): It requires continuous power to refresh the data stored.

                      2.  Static RAM (SRAM): It also requires constant power to hold on to data, but it
                         does not need to be continuously refreshed the way DRAM does.

                      However, SRAM is significantly faster and uses less power than DRAM.

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