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    Primary Memory

                     This is the main memory of a computer. CPU can directly access this memory. It is fixed on the
                     motherboard of a computer. Primary memory is further divided into two types:

                     1.  Random Access Memory (RAM)

                     2.  Read Only Memory (ROM)

                     Random Access Memory (RAM)

                     RAM is a temporary  memory. The information stored in this
                     memory  is lost when the computer is turned off. That’s why it

                     is  also  called  volatile memory.  It  stores data  and  instructions                 RAM
                     given by the user and also the results produced by the computer
                     temporarily.

                     Read Only Memory (ROM)

                     ROM is the permanent memory, i.e., it holds the data even if the system
                     is switched off. It holds the starting instructions that are required to

                     start a computer. It is also called non-volatile memory.
                                                                                                               ROM
                     Secondary Memory

                     This memory is permanent in nature and is not directly accessed by the CPU. It allows users to
                     store data that may be easily retrieved.

                     Secondary memory devices are also called secondary storage devices.

                     Hard Disk

                     Hard disk is permanently fixed in the CPU box. The most important
                     function of the hard disk is to store program files and data files.
                                                                                                           Hard disk

                             Factbot

                       World's first hard disk was introduced by IBM in 1956.

                     Hard disks are available in a variety of sizes with storage capacities as high as 5 TB (TeraByte)
                     or even more. The CPU can access data stored on a hard disk much faster than it can access
                     data on a CD.

                     External hard disks are also available. They are the hard disks that can be connected to any
                     computer with the help of a USB port.

                                                                                           Data Storage and Memory     11

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