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    So why don't you         That's not required. I am                                She will be teaching
                       join coding classes?    very clear with the concepts                              us the most popular
                                                    of programming.                                      language tomorrow.

                      Test Your Knowledge                                                      21 st  Century   #Technology Literacy
                                                                                                   Skills
                        Write the names of any four commonly used programming languages.

                        1.                                            2.

                        3.                                            4.

                     We  use various  types  of  applications  to perform different  operations, such  as drawing,  writing
                     documents  and  creating  presentations.  These  applications  are also known  as computer  programs.
                     A  computer program can be defined  as a collection of instructions to perform a specific task.
                     The process of writing a program is called program coding or programming.
                     We use different languages, such as Hindi, English, Gujarati, etc., to communicate with each other.
                     But, a computer cannot understand these languages. So, we need a special language through which
                     we can communicate with the computer. The language that a computer can understand is known as a
                     programming language. All the programs running on a computer are written by using different types
                     of programming languages. There are mainly two types of programming languages: procedural and
                     object-oriented.  A  procedural  language  is  a  programming  language  that  uses  small functions  or
                     procedures  to  perform operations  in  a sequential  manner. Some  of  the  procedural  programming
                     languages are  C, BASIC, and  FORTRAN. On the other hand, an object-oriented language is a
                     programming language  that  uses  objects  and  classes in  a non-sequential  manner. Some of  the
                     object-oriented  programming languages  are  C++,  Java, and  Python. In  this chapter, we will  learn
                     more about Java, which is a popular object-oriented programming language.

                     INTRODUCING JAVA

                     Java is an object-oriented and high-level programming language. It was developed by James Gosling
                     at Sun Microsystems in 1995. It was acquired by Oracle in 2010. Initially, Java was used to develop
                     Internet-based applications, also known as Applets.

                                                                                  Introduction to Programming in Java   85

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