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INPUT AND OUTPUT

Python provides two commonly used functions, input() and print() for input and output.

The input() Function

The input() function takes the user’s input while a program is executing. The general syntax of the
input() function is as follows:

input(<prompt>)
Here, a prompt is the string or message we wish to display on the screen. Example:
name = input("Enter your name: ")
>>> Enter your name: Mohan
The name 'Mohan' entered by the user will be stored in the variable 'name'.
By default, Python considers the input as a string, even if you entered a number as input. You cannot
perform calculations on a string. To perform calculations, you need to convert the string an into integer
or floating-point value. To do so, Python provides the following functions:

int(): It is used to change the input data value into an integer. For example,
a = int(input("Enter a number "))
Now, the valid value entered is converted into an integer value.

float(): It is used to change the input value into a floating-point value. For example,
a = float(input("Enter a number "))
Now, the valid value entered is converted into a floating-point value.

The print() Function

The print() function prints or sends the output to the standard output device, which is usually
a monitor. This function auto converts the items to strings, i.e., if you try printing a numeric value,
the print() function will automatically convert it into an equivalent string and print it. The print() function
also introduces spaces between items automatically.

The general syntax of the print() function is as follows:

print ([<expression 1> , <expression 2>...])
For example:
print ("Python is easy").

Program 1: To use the input( ) and print( ) functions.

Program1.py
File Edit Format Run Options Window Help

#Program to use the input( ) and
print( ) functions. Output
age = input ("Enter your age:") Enter your age: 12
name = input ("Enter your name: ") Enter your name: Ankit
print (name, "your age is," age) Ankit your age is 12

Introduction to Python 87