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    4                                 Flowcharts and

                                                                   Algorithms

                         Let’s surf

                             Algorithm                                       Characteristics of a Good Algorithm
                             Uses of an Algorithm                            Writing an Algorithm
                             Defining Flowcharts

                      Let’s PLug-in                                                                        Critical Thinking

                       Look at the code and decode the message.
                       Code :
                       A-1 , B-2, C-3, D-4, E-5, F-6, G-7, H-8, I-9, J- 10, K-11, L-12, M-13, N-14, O-15, P-16, Q-17, R-18, S-19, T-20,
                        U-21, V-22, W-23, X-24,Y-25, Z-26, Space-27.

                        Message:
                           1   12   5    18  20   27   13   1   10   15  18   27   3   25   3    12  15   14   5   27

                     All humans communicate with  each  other  using a language  that  has many  words and  tones.
                     Computers communicate and understand only '1' and '0'. We give instructions to the computer in our
                     language but it first converts it into 0 and 1 and then works according to our instructions. Let's learn
                     more about all this.

                     In our daily life, we have to solve various problems by using different strategies. These strategies are
                     called problem solving techniques. A problem solving technique is a collection of sequential steps to
                     solve a problem. In the same way, programmers also use different types of techniques to solve the
                     problems related to programming. Some of these techniques are algorithms and flowcharts. In this
                     chapter, we will learn about algorithms and flowcharts used to develop programs.

                            ALGORITHM

                     As we know that a program is a collection of instructions. The language used to write a program is
                     called a programming language. Before writing a program on the computer, every programmer must
                     analyse the problem and write an algorithm to solve the problem.

                                                                                              Flowcharts and Algorithms  53

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