Basic HTML Version

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    In HTML document, a tag name begins with an opening angular bracket (<) and  ends with closing
                     angular bracket (>). For example,
                                               <TagName> content </TagName>

                                                 Opening tag               Closing tag

                     Both opening and closing tags are the same. The only difference is that the closing tag contains
                     a forward slash before the tag name. Most of the tags in HTML have opening and closing tags. A
                     combination of opening tag, content, and closing tag is called an element.
                     The HTML tags can be categorised as:

                     •  Container Tags: The tags that have both opening and closing tags are called Container Tags.
                         For example      <B> ...... </B>
                                         <HEAD> ...... </HEAD>
                     •  Empty Tags: Empty tags contain only opening tag. They do not have closing tag. These tags do
                         not enclose any data.

                         For example      <BR>, <HR>, etc.
                     HTML tags can also be further classified as:
                     •  Block Level Tags: The block level tags take up the full width available and by default begin on a
                         new line. Some of the block level tags are Paragraph <P>, headings <H1> to <H6>, Horizontal Rule

                         <HR>, etc.
                     •  Text Level Tags: The text level tags are used to mark up parts of the text. These tags do not start
                         with a new line. Some of the text level tags are Bold <B>, Superscript <SUP>, Italic <I>, Subscript
                         <SUB>, etc.

                          Nesting of Tags

                     Nesting of tags means that you can start a new tag before closing the previous tag. The only point to
                     remember is that tags are nested on LIFO principle, that is, Last In First Out. This means that the tag
                     that has been opened last needs to be closed first.

                          Attribute
                     An attribute is a property that provides some additional information about a tag. It enhances the

                     functionality of a tag. It always specified inside the opening tag. All attributes consist of two parts: a
                     name and a value.
                     The ‘name’ is the property that you want to set.
                     The ‘value’ is what you want for the respective property.

                     For example          <body bgcolor="yellow">
                     The bgcolor attribute of the <body> tag is used to add a background colour to the body of the web page.

                     For example           <HR WIDTH="50%">
                     The WIDTH is the attribute of the <HR> tag which specifies the width of the horizontal line in pixels
                     or percentage. By default, the width is 100%.

                                                                                                 Introduction to HTML5  9

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