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    DESIGNING A LIGHT WITH A SWITCH

                     You can create a simple light circuit with a switch by opening a new circuit window in Tinkercad
                     and adding components like a 9V battery, switch and light bulb.

     Choose the appropriate resistor   To design a light with a switch, follow the given steps:
     value to limit the current and   Step  1   Click on the Project Name and rename your project (LIGHT WITH SWITCH).
     protect your components.
                     Step   2     Connect the positive terminal of the 9V battery to the left leg of the switch using a
                                 red wire.
                     Step  3     Connect this left leg of the switch to one leg of the bulb using a green wire.

     CREATING A SERIES CIRCUIT USING TINKERCAD  Step  4    Connect the negative terminal of the 9V battery to the middle leg of the switch using
                                 a black wire.
     To build a series circuit, use LEDs, a resistor and a battery to create a series connection. To begin,   Step  5   Connect the free leg of the switch to the free leg of the bulb using an orange wire.
     open a new circuit window in Tinkercad and start building your circuit by placing the following   Step  6   Click on the Start Simulation button to test the circuit.
     components: a 9V battery, two LEDs and a resistor.

     To create a series circuit, follow the given steps:
                                                                                              A typical value for LED
     Step  1   Click on the Project Name and rename your project (Series Circuit).            circuits is 220Ω or 330Ω.

     Step  2   Connect the negative terminal of the 9V battery to one leg of the resistor.
                                                                                      SHORT SIGN
     Step  3   Connect the other leg of the resistor to the cathode of the first LED.
                                                                                        To Start/stop
     Step  4   Connect the anode of the first LED to the cathode of the second LED.
                                                                                   simulation: Spacebar
     Step  5   Connect the anode of the second LED to the positive terminal of the 9V battery.

     Step  6   Click on Start Simulation to test the circuit.
                     Once you turn on the switch, the circuit will be complete and the bulb will

                     light up.
                     The output  shows the  bulb  lighting  up,  indicating  that  the  circuit  is
     Simulate a parallel circuit using
     two LEDs connected to the same   correctly connected and functioning as expected.
     power source. Compare it with
     a series circuit to observe how
     current flows differently.  MICROCONTROLLER

                     A microcontroller is a small, programmable chip that functions as the
                     brain of an electronic device. It contains a processor, memory and pins
                     that allow it to connect to other components in a circuit. By following
                     instructions written in code, it can control various things, such as lights,
     The output  shows the LEDs lighting  up, indicating that  the circuit  is   motors and sensors. This makes the microcontroller an essential part
     correctly connected and functioning as expected.
                     of many electronics  projects.  Microcontrollers  are used  in everyday
                     objects like robots, smart devices and home appliances to help them
                     work automatically, making tasks easier and more efficient.

                                                                                                                      105
                                                                                         Designing Circuits with Tinkercad

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