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    Peer-to-Peer Network
                     A Peer-to-Peer network is a network in which all the computers or devices are linked together
                     with equal  privileges  and responsibilities  for processing
                     data.  A Peer-to-Peer  network has no dedicated  server.
                     Each device can act as both a client and a server.

                     Client/Server Network
                     In a Client/Server network, clients access resources from a central server. The server is responsible
                     for managing all the resources such as files, directories, printers, etc.

                               Client                                                   Identify the types of networks,

                                                             Client                     devices and network cables in
                                                                                               a computer lab.

                                             Server
                               Client                     Client

                            NETWORK TOPOLOGIES

                     Network topology describes the physical or logical layout of the network, that is, how all the
                     components (such as computers, cables and switches) are interconnected. Common network
                     topologies include:

                         Bus topology: In this topology, all devices are
                        connected to a single central cable called the
                        bus. Data travels in both directions along the
                        bus, but only one device can send data at a
                        time. It is less secure and not very robust - if
                        the main cable fails, the entire network stops
                        working.  Bus topology  is  suitable  for small
                        networks  that  need  low speed  and  have a
                        limited budget because they are inexpensive
                        to set up.

                                                               Star topology: In this topology, all devices are connected
                                                              to  a central hub or switch, which manages  data
                                                              transmission.  It  is  a  robust  topology  because  if  one
                                                              connection  fails, only  that  device  is  affected.  Fault
                                                              detection and isolation are easy in this setup. However,
                                                              if the central node fails, the entire network stop working.

                                                                                                                      15
                                                                                                   Networks Around Us

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