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    The digit 7 in the number 724 is the most significant digit and 4 is the least significant digit.

                     The table shows the positional weight of decimal number (724) .
                                                                                      10

                                                         Hundreds                   Ten                   Units

                      Weights                                 10 2                   10 1                   10 0

                      Real Value of each digit              7 × 10 2               2 × 10 1               4 × 10 0

                      Result                                 700                     20                      4

                     For Example: (3698)  10

                     8 signifies 8 x 10 = 8
                                     0
                                      1
                     9 signifies 9 x 10 = 90
                                      2
                     6 signifies 6 x 10 = 600
                                     3
                     3 signifies 3 x 10 = 3000
                     Upon adding them = 3000 + 600 + 90 + 8 = 3698

                     BINARY NUMBER SYSTEM
                     A number system made up of only two digits: 0 and 1, is known as the binary number system.
                     When the binary number system is used, every number is formed using only 0 and 1. The word
                     binary comes from ‘Bi-’ meaning two that’s why the base of the binary number is 2. It is also
                     known as the base-2 system.

                     Formation of Binary Numbers

                     Each digit or bit in a binary number system can be 0 or 1. A combination of binary digits may
                     be used to represent different quantities like 1001. The positional value of each digit in a binary
                     number is twice the place value or face value of the digit on its right side. The weight of each
                     position is a power of 2. The place value of the digits according to position and weight is as follows:

                        Position         3            2           1           0                       –1          –2
                                                                                          •
                        Weights          2 3         2 2         2 1         2 0                     2 –1        2 –2

                     For example: 10101 or (10101)  is
                                                   2
                                                       1
                                                               0
                           4
                                     3
                                             2
                     = (1 x 2 ) + (0x 2 ) + (1x 2 ) + (0x 2 ) + (1x 2 )
                     = (1 x 16) + (0 x 8) + (1 x 4) + (0 x 2) + (1 x 1)
                     = (21) 10

                                                                                                      Number System    9

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