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    TYPES OF DATA IN EXCEL

                     In Excel, there are three different types of data that you can enter. These are:
                        Text: The text is used to define the information on the spreadsheet, i.e., the     NAME  AGE   CLASS
                       headings of columns, titles, and names. This includes any type of text, not        AKSHAT    11    4
                       just phone numbers, numbers, or formulas. We do not do any mathematical            SOUMYA    12    5 4
                                                                                                          RAHUL
                                                                                                                    11
                       calculations on text. Text is aligned on the left side of a cell.
                                                                      Values or Numbers: Values are numeric data on which
                                                                      mathematical calculations are performed. This type of
                                                                      data includes characters 0–9 and special characters,

                                                                      such as –, +, [, /, ?, >, <, %. The numbers are always
                                                                      aligned on the right side of the cell, and the characters
                                                                      are always aligned on the left side of the cell.
                        Formula: A formula is a mathematical expression that performs both simple and complex calculations
                       on the numeric data entered into a cell. A formula always begins with an equal (=) sign, e.g., = A2 + B2.
                     USING FORMULAS TO PERFORM CALCULATION

                     Formulas in Excel begin with an equal (=) sign. When the contents of a cell begin with an equal sign,
                     Excel understands that the user has given a formula here. If you don’t enter the equal sign, Excel will
                     treat your entry as text, and the calculation will fail.

                     Different Ways to Enter a Formula

                     There are mainly two ways to enter a formula in a worksheet:
                        Typing the Formula Directly in the Cell: In this way,
                       the formula is directly typed in the cell after typing an
                       equal  sign  (=). After entering  the formula in  the cell,
                       press  the  Enter  key.  When  the  Enter  key  is  pressed,

                       result of the formula appears in the cell.
                         Typing the Formula in the Formula Bar: In this way,
                       we can type the formula in Formula bar after selecting
                       the cell. After entering the formula, when we press the
                       Enter key from the keyboard. The result will appear.

                                Factbot

                           Excel follows BEDMAS rule for doing mathematical calculations, where B stands for Brackets, E
                           for Exponentiation, D for Division, M for Multiplication, A for Addition and S for Subtraction.

                     Some formulas based on BEDMAS rule can be entered as:
                     1.  =(8 + 5) – (2 + 3) ^ 2   2.  =(9/3) * (4 ^ 2) – 5

                     The elements of a formula are:

                         References: A cell or a range of cells that you want to use in your calculation.

                                                                                 Charts, Formulas & Functions in Excel  29

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