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    FIREWALL

                     The term ‘firewall’ originally referred to a wall intended to confine a fire        Factopedia
                     or potential fire within a building. In computer, a firewall is a software
                     or hardware-based network security system that controls incoming
                     and outgoing network traffic based on applied rule set. A firewall acts
                     like a gatekeeper and prevents unauthorised access to a computer
                     network. It inspects every data packet that arrives at the network and
                     decides, based on a set of predefined rules, whether to allow or block           Most malware
                                                                                                      programs are
                     it. A firewall  establishes a barrier between a trusted, secure internal        distributed over
                     network and another network (for example, the Internet) that is not            the Internet, often

                     assumed to be secure and trusted.
                                                                                                    bundled with other
                                                                                                         software.
                             Let’s CatCh uP

                        State whether these statements are true or false.

                        1.  Encrypted data can be understood easily.         ________
                        2.   Retina is the layer of blood vessels at the back
                           of the eye.                                       ________

                        3.   Antivirus is used to eradicate viruses from the                          The first known
                           computer.                                         ________                ransomware, the
                        4.   Rootkit is a type of malware that gains                                "AIDS Trojan" was
                           administrator access to the host system.          ________                launched in 1989.

                               Let’s BaCk-uP

                                                                                                    30th November is
                            Computer safety refers to the protection of computer-
                          based resources against unauthorised use or physical                    known as “Computer
                          damage.                                                                     Security Day’’.
                            Authentication is the process of verifying a user’s identity
                          before granting him or her access to a computer system.
                            Password protection, face recognition, voice recognition are
                          some important techniques for computer safety.

                            Malware is designed to damage or do unwanted actions on                 The first computer
                          a computer system.                                                       worm named Morris
                            A program that identify and remove malware are known as                worm was developed
                          antivirus software.                                                      in November 2, 1988.
                            A firewall is a software or hardware-based network security
                          system that controls incoming and outgoing network traffic
                          based on applied rule set.

                                                                                          Computer Safety and Security  73

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