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•  Overuse of land.
                       •   Making dams and doing mining activities.
                    2.  Why is excess salt not good for soil?
                   Ans.  It affects soil fertility and reduces the absorption of water by plants.
                    3.  Name any four alternate sources of energy.
                   Ans.  •  Wind Energy.
                       •  Geothermal Energy.
                       •  Solar Energy.
                       •  Nuclear Energy.
                    4.  What is Clear Cutting method in controlled deforestation?
                   Ans.  If the same types of trees are available over a large area, then trees of the same age group can be cut down in a selected
                       area and then marked for re-plantation.
                    5.  How The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) has defined “Green Economy”?
                   Ans.  The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) has defined the green economy as “one that results in improved
                       human well-being and social equity, while significantly reducing environmental risks and ecological scarcities. It is low
                       carbon, resource efficient, and socially inclusive”.
                    6.  What are the sources of pollution?                                                        [NCERT]
                   Ans.  Poisonous gases emitted from factories & vehicles, chemicals & garbage dumped in the waterbodies, excessive sound
                       of vehicles, etc. Noise pollution is caused due to the sound generated by Industrial and Constructional activities, factory
                       equipment, generators, electric saws, drills and other machineries.
                    7.  Write any three actions which you can take to conserve energy.                            [NCERT]
                   Ans.  •  Use alternative sources of energy.
                       •   Implement government policies in order to safeguard our natural resources.
                       •   Recycle and reuse elements and products.
                    8.  Name any three components of the Green Economy.
                   Ans.  The three components of the green economy are:
                       •  Renewable Energy.
                       •  Green Buildings.
                       •  Green Transport.
                    9.  What is the Green Skills Development Programme?
                   Ans.  The government of India launched the Green Skills Development Programme (GSDP) in India in the year 2017. This
                       was started by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) in partnership with National Skill
                       Development Agency (NSDA). It aims to develop green skilled workers having technical knowledge and commitment
                       to sustainable development.

                    10.  Define Green jobs? Give Example.
                   Ans.  People possessing Green Skills are getting jobs in the fields of agriculture, manufacturing, research and development,
                       administrative, and service activities that are aimed at sustaining and protecting the environment. These jobs are called
                       Green Jobs.

                 B.  Long answer type questions:
                    1.  Explain two types of environment.
                   Ans.  •   Natural Environment: When all living and non-living elements occur naturally in our surroundings and affect life
                         in its natural ways by encompassing  interaction  of all living  species  and natural  resources, it forms  our natural
                         environment. Plants and animals living on land, in air, or water form our natural environment. It may be claimed as
                         Abiotic and Biotic.
                       •   Man-Made Environment: It is the environment created by humans to create an atmosphere comfortable for him
                         to interact and adjust to the natural environment. For example, permanent human settlements like villages, towns,
                         cities, transport and communication facilities, factories, dams, etc.


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