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To conserve this natural vegetation that exists from thousands of years, follow the given methods:
                    • Control deforestation: Due to rapid urbanisation and the construction of dams, forests are cut to clear land.
                   Cutting should be regulated by :

                  ‘   Clear cutting method: If the same types of trees are available
                     over a large area, then trees of the same age group can be cut
                     down in a selected area and then marked for replantation.

                  ‘   Selective cutting method: Only mature trees are selected for
                     cutting. This process is to be followed in rotation.

                  ‘   Shelter  wood cutting method: Trees are cut  on  the  basis of
                     their utility of providing timber. Trees of lesser importance are
                     cut first, followed by trees of moderate importance and at the end the best trees are considered.
                    • Control forest fire: Fire in forests sometimes occurs due to natural processes like lightning strikes or friction
                   between trees during high-speed winds. Sometimes, intentional or unintentional human activities may also
                   cause fire in forest. Precautions must be taken for such incidents like making fire lanes, spreading chemicals
                   to control fire, clearing out dry leaves and trees, etc. There must be a trained staff of fire-fighters to control
                   the fire.

                    • Afforestation and Reforestation: Afforestation is the process of planting more trees on land with few or no
                   trees i.e. creating a new forest. Reforestation is the process of planting more trees in an existing forest with
                   less number of trees due to forest fire or excessive cutting. These two methods will help restore the natural
                   vegetation which is important for maintaining the ecological balance.




                              Brainy Fact

                        Russia has the largest number of trees in the world, estimated at 642 billion trees. Next is Canada with
                        318 billion trees, and Brazil with 302 billion trees.





                         Saving Environment using 5R’s

                 With the rising population all over the world, we are constantly in the process of production and consumption of
                 natural and man-made resources. This has led to generation of waste products of different types. The organic waste
                 is decomposed on its own but the inorganic waste like plastic does not decompose naturally and accumulates for
                 years. The modern waste management techniques using 5R’s—Repurpose, Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and Refuse will
                 definitely help in managing our waste sensibly, so that there is less damage to our environment.
                 Let us study what we need to do to follow 5R's in our daily practice of waste management:













                   REPURPOSE                 REDUCE REUSE                        RECYCLE               REFUSE



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