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Elements of Communication
              Communication is a two-way exchange of information, i.e., giving and receiving. Speaking and writing to someone
              are examples of giving information. Reading and listening to someone are examples of receiving information.

                                                                                        3. A Channel (or path) such
                                      2. A Sender sends a      Giving Information         as Phone/ Face-to-Face
                                       message (giving or                                 (talk/writing) is used to
                                     asking for Information).      CHANNEL                 transfer the message.

                                                                                               RECEIVER
                                                           MESSAGE          REPLY TO
                       1. The communication               (ENCODING)
                                                                             SENDER
                       process starts with a                               (DECODING)
                             sender.
                                                SENDER             CHANNEL
                                                        Receiving
                                                       Information                     4. The message is received
                                                                   5. The receiver replies   by the receiver.
                                                                      to the sender.
                                                        Elements of Communication
              The basic elements of communication are:

                 • Sender: The sender sends a message either in the form of giving information or asking for information. The
                sender can be any person, group, or an organisation who initiates the process of communication. The sender's
                knowledge, experiences, and skills influence the quality of the message.
                 • Ideas/Messages: This message can be in the form of an idea or any information that a sender wishes to convey
                or asking for information from the receiver. The message is encoded i.e. created in the form of text, sign symbols
                which the receiver decodes or understands to find out its actual meaning.
                 • Communication Channel: It is the medium through which a message can be sent. It can be conveyed through
                oral, written or visual methods. These days, technology plays an important role in transmitting information
                through mediums such as email, voicemail, social media websites, etc.
                 • Receiver: A receiver can be any person, group, or an organisation who interprets the message conveyed by a
                sender. The receiver has to extract the meaning from the text, signs or symbols sent by the sender and find out
                its actual meaning.
                 • Feedback: It is the receiver's acknowledgement and response to the message for ensuring that they understood
                each other correctly.

                       Perspectives in Communication

              Perspective  is  the  fixed  idea  or  thinking  that  influence  how  we  communicate.  Whether  we  are  the  sender  or
              receiver of a message, our perspective can impact how we interpret that message, potentially altering its intended
              meaning. Let us assume that a teacher wanting to teach a difficult topic in a simplified way is not understood by the
              students, as the students assumed that the topic was too difficult to understand. This perspective of the students,
              that the topic is difficult, did not allow the students to understand despite the teacher's effort to make it simple.

              Factors Affecting Perspectives in Communication
              We face this problem of conveying and understanding the message due to some problems in our communication.
              Some of the factors that affect the perspectives in our communication are:
                 • Language: It is a very important factor that affects communication. Sometimes we are not familiar with the
                language in which we wish to communicate. Using wrong words at wrong places may alter the meaning of the
                message and thus do not solve the purpose of effective communication.
                    22      Touchpad Artificial Intelligence (Ver. 3.0)-IX
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