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12. What is an ethical concern of AI?
Ans. AI is a powerful tool. It can be used in ways that can affect the society—positively or negatively. Like electricity or
nuclear energy, a lot depends on us—how we utilise AI for humanity.
B. Long answer type questions:
1. Explain any three world famous AI machines.
Ans. The three AI machines are:
• IBM Watson: It is a question-answering machine that combines artificial intelligence (AI) and sophisticated analytical
software. It answers the questions posed in natural languages. Companies use it for analysing the data, predicting
future growth prospects and automating some tedious and complex processes.
• Google’s Driverless car: Google launched its Waymo division to design, manufacture and market driverless vehicles
around the world. These cars are AI-enabled.
• Sophia, the Humanoid Robot: It was designed by Hong Kong-based company Hanson Robotics in Feb 2016 and
made her first public appearance in March 2016 in the USA.
2. List down the advantages of AI.
Ans. The following are the advantages of AI:
• Increased automation: AI can be used to automate anything, ranging from tedious tasks to the process of recruitment
of employees. There are AI-based applications that can be used for the hiring of new recruits. Mya, is an AI app that
automates tedious parts of the recruitment process such as sourcing, screening, and scheduling.
• Increased productivity: AI is widely used in businesses. It is used to manage highly computational tasks that require
maximum effort and time. Starting from staff recruitment to automated packing of products, AI has the potential to
increase productivity.
• Smart decision-making: AI helps in making smart decisions. Salesforce Einstein Analytics is a comprehensive AI for
CRM (Customer Relationship Management), designed to enable companies to make smarter business decisions. The
goal of this technology is to give sales and marketing departments more comprehensive customer behaviour and
sales prospects.
• Solve complex problems: AI is being used to solve complex problems that cannot be solved by human
beings. Through the years, AI has progressed from simple machine learning algorithms to advanced machine
learning concepts that have helped resolve complex problems like fraud detection, medical diagnosis, weather
forecasting, and so on.
• Strengthens economy: AI is estimated to contribute $15 trillion to the world's economy by 2030. It is estimated that
the greatest impact of AI will be in the fields of healthcare and robotics. The rise in the economy will mainly be from
the substitution of work by automation and increased innovation in products and services.
3. Give three examples of AI around us.
Ans. The three examples of AI around us are as follows:
• Smartphones: The built-in smart assistants (like Siri) are some obvious examples of AI. Google’s AI-powered
predictions have a visible impact in every person’s life. The portrait mode of the camera on our smartphone is also
an AI feature. It makes the background blur while focusing on the foreground object.
• Email spam filters: Email categorisation and spam filters are some of the powerful features of AI that affect our inbox.
Simple rule-based filters are used to mark spam or put email into various categories as Primary, Social, Promotion
or Important.
• Virtual assistants: Smart virtual assistants that we use to control our smart house are prime examples of AI impacting
our daily lives. They use AI to study our behaviour and patterns so, that they can adjust themselves automatically.
They are capable to do several things like sending quick messages, setting reminders, checking the weather and
getting the latest news.
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