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[5]: N1=10
N2=30
print("The sum of two numbers is ", N1+N2, end="**********")
print("The difference of two numbers is ",N1–N2)
The sum of two numbers is 40**********The difference of two
numbers is -20
The input() Function
The input() function is used to take an input from the user. When this statement executes then the flow of
the program stops and waits with the cursor blinking for the user to enter a value. The input given by the user
is always accepted as a string value. In case a user enters an integer or float and we need this for mathematical
calculation then we have to convert them explicitly to number data type by using int() or float(). Syntax for
the input() function:
input(prompt)
Where prompt is optional. It is a string that works as a message for the user at the time of input of data.
[1]: N1=input("Enter first number: ")
N2=input ("Enter second number: ")
Sum = N1+N2
print("Sum= ",Sum)
Enter first number: 23
Enter second number: 61
Sum= 2361
If N1=23 and N2=61, then the output is Sum=2361.
The reason for the above is that by default the input statement always takes input as a string value. If a “+” is
used with string, it concatenates the 2 string. In order to evaluate the expression mathematically, we must use
int() with an input statement to convert it into integer. For example:
[1]: N1=int(input("Enter first number: "))
N2=int(input("Enter second number: "))
Sum = N1+N2
print("Sum= ",Sum)
Enter first number: 23
Enter second number: 61
Sum= 84
Conditional Statements
Conditional statements are used for selecting the block of statements to be executed based on the condition. We
specify the condition in the program which evaluates to either True or False. If condition is True then the block
of statements written for True will be executed and in case the condition is False then the block of statements
for False will be executed. It is also called branching as a program decides which statement to execute based on
the result of the evaluated condition. In Python:
• A block is identified by using indentation (minimum 1 space). Ensure that all statements in one block are
indented at the same level.
• We use if to do conditional programming.
Advance Python (Practical) 437

