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At a Glance


                       • Natural language refers to the language humans use to communicate with one another.
                       • Natural  Language  Processing  (NLP)  is  a  subfield  of  Artificial  Intelligence  that  focuses  on  enabling  computers,
                       through  specialised  programs,  to  perform  tasks  such  as  speech  recognition,  translation,  and  the  analysis  and
                       extraction of large amounts of natural language data.
                       • Some of the real-life applications of NLP are Automatic Text Summarisation, Autogenerated Captions, Language
                       Translation, Sentiment and Emotion Analysis, Text Classification, Voice assistants, etc.
                       • The stages of NLP are Lexical Analysis, Syntactic Analysis, Semantic Analysis, Discourse Integration, and Pragmatic
                       Analysis.
                       • Chatbot is an AI enabled computer program that communicates with the user in natural human language either
                       through voice or text.
                       • Text normalisation is the process of cleaning textual data by converting it into a standard form.
                       • A corpus is a large collection of text, such as articles, rhymes, or email.
                       • Stemming is the process of removing the affixes from the words to reduce them to their root words.
                       • Lemmatization is a process of removing the affixes from the words to create a meaningful root word.


                                                             Exercise



                                                          Solved Questions


                                                  SECTION A (Objective Type Questions)
                       uiz

                 A.  Tick ( ) the correct option.

                    1.  What is the purpose of Natural Language Processing (NLP) in AI?
                       a.  To make decisions
                       b.  To help machines understand and use human language
                       c.  To improve computer programming
                       d.  To recognise images

                    2.  What does AI typically use to find patterns and solve problems?
                       a.  Direct programming                             b.  Random guesses
                       c.  Machine learning and deep learning             d.  Manual input from humans
                    3.  Which of the following is not a rule that governs languages?

                       a.  Syntax                                         b.  Lexicon
                       c.   Algorithm                                     d.  Semantics
                    4.  What is an example of an incorrect syntax?
                       a.  "John eats an apple"                           b.  "Eats John an apple"
                       c.  "John an apple eats"                           d.  "An apple John eats"

                    5.  What do personal assistant applications like Siri, Cortana, and Alexa primarily use to understand human language?
                       a.  Image recognition                              b.  Natural Language Processing (NLP)
                       c.  Data analysis                                  d.  Machine learning algorithms




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