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Types of Ethical Frameworks
The various types of ethical frameworks are classified as follows:
Ethical Frameworks of AI
Sector-based Value-based
Bioethics Rights Utility Virtue
The description of these types of ethical frameworks is as follows:
• Sector-based ethical frameworks: These frameworks focus on an ethical challenge specific to a field or
industry. They are trained to focus on a particular sector such as technology, finance or healthcare. For instance,
in technology, key considerations include data privacy and the responsible development of AI. In healthcare,
the emphasis is on making fair decisions that respect everyone’s rights.
o Bioethics: Bioethics is an interdisciplinary framework used in healthcare to solve tough ethical problems.
It combines ideas and principles from fields like medicine, law, and philosophy to help doctors, patients,
and researchers make fair and respectful decisions. Bioethics ensures that healthcare decisions are made
fairly, respectfully, and in ways that protect everyone’s rights. This helps build trust and improve the
overall quality of care.
• Value-based ethical frameworks: These frameworks concentrate on essential ethical principles and values such
as honesty, respect and fairness that influence decision-making. They are based on different moral beliefs and
help us judge whether actions are right or wrong, encouraging ethical behaviour. They are further categorised
as:
o Rights-based ethical frameworks: These frameworks are based on respecting and upholding individual’s
rights. These frameworks ensure that all policies and actions focus on basic human rights. In context to AI,
it means that AI systems should respect human rights and not discriminate any specific group.
o Utility-based ethical frameworks: These frameworks evaluate actions focusing on maximising overall
good, or minimising harm. These frameworks balance benefits and costs to achieve the maximum benefit
to the maximum number of people. In context to AI, it may involve the potential benefits of AI applications
in the betterment of human race against the risks like data privacy and biasness, involved in using AI
o Virtue-based ethical frameworks: These frameworks emphasise on the importance of building a strong
moral foundation and good character traits such as kindness, compassion and empathy involved in
decision making. In context to AI, it would mean that the developers and users of AI should follow ethical
virtues throughout the AI project cycle.
These categories offer a clear way to handle ethical issues in AI development and use, making sure that the
needs of different sectors and key ethical values are properly considered.
Revisiting AI Project Cycle & Ethical Frameworks for AI 159

