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Some general rules for writing a paragraph are:
• It begins on a new line. • The first line has an indentation. • It focuses on a main theme.
Capitalisation
Capitalisation means writing the first alphabet of a word in uppercase. In English grammar, we cannot decide on
our own to write anything in capital. We follow the rules of capitalisation whenever we write anything. It gives
emphasis on certain words used at different places.
Some of the basic rules of capitalisation which we all should remember in our basic writing skills are listed below:
• Beginning of a Sentence: It is marked by capitalising the first letter in a sentence. For example: My computer
class is very interesting.
• Proper Nouns: Capitalise the first letter of a proper noun like name of a person, place or an organisation. For
example: New Delhi is the capital of India.
• Days of Week, Months and Holidays: Always remember to capitalise the first letter of days of week like
Sunday, Monday, etc., months like June, August, etc. and holidays/festivals like Republic Day, Diwali, etc. but not
the seasons like winter, spring, summer, etc. Let us look at an example: Every year Republic Day is celebrated in
India on 26 January.
• The Pronoun “I”: Pronoun "I" is a reference to yourself and should always be capitalised. For example: Reema
and I are going for a picnic.
• Directions: The directions like North, South, etc. are written in capital only when they are referred to as locations.
For example: I am heading towards South.
• Titles that Appear Before Names: The titles like President, Principal, Mr., Captain, etc. that appear before
names are written with the first letter in capital. For example: Mr. Singh is a good man.
Punctuation Marks
These are the symbols used to help the reader understand the proper meaning of a sentence and where to pause
or stop. Let us learn about some the punctuation marks in detail.
Full Stop or Period (.)
Full stop or period is used at the end of a sentence. We also use it to shorten a word to form an abbreviation. For
example: Mr. for Mister, Col. for Colonel.
Question Mark (?)
Question mark is used to mark the end of any question asked in a direct speech. For example: How are you?
Exclamation Mark (!)
Exclamation mark is used in a sentence to strongly express a feeling of happiness, sorrow, love, surprise etc.
For Example: Wow! Such a pretty dress.
Comma (,)
Comma is used to mark a pause in a sentence. Any list of items mentioned in a sentence are separated by a
comma. For example:
• I want a dress, shoes, watch and a box of chocolate for my birthday.
It is sometimes used to separate two adjectives in a sentence. For example:
• I have a brown, fluffy golden retriever.
A sentence with the location specified has a city separated by a comma from the state. For example:
• Mahatma Gandhi was born in Porbandar, Gujrat.
26 Artificial Intelligence Play (Ver 1.0)-X

