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What is a File?
Any data in the computer is stored in the form of a file. Different types of files store different types of information.
That is why a file is said to be a collection of logically related data. Every file has its own unique name which is
made up of two parts: file name (A filename can consist of letters, numbers, spaces, and characters) and file name
extension (that identifies the file type). They both are separated by period (.). For example:
Mynotes.docx → is a Word file. Essay.odf → is an LibreOffice document.
Myproject.pptx → is a PowerPoint file. Photo.jpg → is an image file.
Myfriendslist.xlsx → is a Spreadsheet. Music.mp3 → is a sound file.
What is a Folder?
Folder is a collection of related files and subfolders. A sub-folder may contain one or more files and subfolders
within. Folders do not occupy any disk space. They point to specific file locations within the file system of the
computer. There is no limit on the number of folders or subfolders that can be created in Windows. The main
advantage of creating folders and subfolders is that it helps in organising the data found in the system in a proper
hierarchical manner.
Creating and Managing Files and Folders
Since folders and subfolders are organised following a proper hierarchical file system of any storage device,
sometimes they are also called directories or subdirectories .The first directory in the hierarchical system is called
root directory and is represented as C:\ or D:\.
The folders and files are created within the root directory. To access any file, folder or subfolder we refer to a File
Path which allows quick access to a file.
For example the folder created within root directory for arranging files of different subjects in my computer are:
C:\
Class X
English Computer Maths
Reader Grammar Computational AI IT Geometry
Skills
Creating a Folder
Perform the following steps to create a folder:
Step 1 Click on the File Explorer icon present at the taskbar. Or press Windows key+E on the keyboard. This
will open File Explorer.
Step 2 Select the drive in which you want to create a new folder. In the given picture it is Documents present
on the left pane of the File Explorer.
Step 3 Window will open up showing the files, sub folders and folders created within Documents in the right
pane of the File Explorer.
Information & Communication Technology Skills-II 55

